JessicaMeixner-NOAA · Sep 10, 2026 · Mar 26, 2026 · Apr 16, 2026 · Apr 23, 2026 · Apr 24, 2026
diff --git a/cmake/FindGKLIB.cmake b/cmake/FindGKLIB.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+find_library(gklib_lib NAMES libGKlib.a libGKlib.so libGKlib.dylib HINTS ENV METIS_PATH PATH_SUFFIXES lib)
+find_path(gklib_inc GKlib.h HINTS ENV METIS_PATH PATH_SUFFIXES include)
+
+add_library(GKLIB::GKLIB STATIC IMPORTED)
+
+set_target_properties(GKLIB::GKLIB PROPERTIES
+  IMPORTED_LOCATION "${gklib_lib}"
+  INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${gklib_inc}")
+
+include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+
+if(gklib_inc MATCHES "NOTFOUND" OR gklib_lib MATCHES "NOTFOUND")
+  set(${CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NAME}_FOUND False)
+else()
+  find_package_handle_standard_args(
+      ${CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NAME}
+      REQUIRED_VARS gklib_lib
+      gklib_inc)
+endif()
diff --git a/cmake/FindMETIS.cmake b/cmake/FindMETIS.cmake
@@ -7,12 +7,18 @@ set_target_properties(METIS::METIS PROPERTIES
   IMPORTED_LOCATION "${metis_lib}"
   INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${metis_inc}")
 
+find_package(GKLIB)
+if(NOT GKLIB_FOUND)
+  message(STATUS "GKLIB not found")
+  target_link_libraries(METIS::METIS)
+else()
+  target_link_libraries(METIS::METIS INTERFACE GKLIB::GKLIB)
+endif()
+
 ## Finalize find_package
 include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
 
 find_package_handle_standard_args(
     ${CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NAME}
     REQUIRED_VARS metis_lib
     metis_inc)
-
-message(STATUS "Found METIS: ${metis_lib}")
diff --git a/cmake/FindOASIS.cmake b/cmake/FindOASIS.cmake
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ else()
 endif()
 
 message(STATUS "  Searching for mod_oasis...")
-find_path(oasis_inc mod_oasis.mod PATHS $ENV{OASISDIR}/build/lib/psmile.MPI1)
+find_path(oasis_inc NAMES mod_oasis.mod HINTS ENV OASISDIR PATH_SUFFIXES build/lib/psmile.MPI1 include)
 if(oasis_inc)
   message(STATUS "  Found: ${oasis_inc}")
 else()

diff --git a/cmake/FindParMETIS.cmake b/cmake/FindParMETIS.cmake
@@ -18,5 +18,3 @@ find_package_handle_standard_args(
     ${CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NAME}
     REQUIRED_VARS parmetis_lib
                   parmetis_inc)
-
-message(STATUS "Found ParMETIS: ${parmetis_lib}")
diff --git a/manual/eqs/ST6.tex b/manual/eqs/ST6.tex
@@ -225,31 +225,39 @@ \subsubsection{~$S_{in} + S_{ds}$: Rogers et al. 2012 \& Zieger et al. 2015} \la
 \begin{table} \begin{center}
 \footnotesize
 \begin{threeparttable}
-\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \hline
-Parameter          &  WWATCH var. & namelist &  vers.\,4.18 & vers.\,5.16 & vers.\,6.07 \\
+\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \hline
+Parameter          &  WWATCH var. & namelist &  vers.\,4.18 & vers.\,5.16 & vers.\,6.07 & vers.\,7.14 \\
 \hline
-  $F_{\mathrm{T}}$ &  SDSET       & SDS6     &  T       &  T         & T          \\
-  $a_1$            &  SDSA1       & SDS6     & 6.24E-7  & 3.74E-7    & 4.75E-6    \\
-  $p_1$            &  SDSP1       & SDS6     &  4       &  4         & 4          \\
-  $a_2$            &  SDSA2       & SDS6     & 8.74E-6  & 5.24E-6    & 7.00E-5    \\
-  $p_2$            &  SDSP2       & SDS6     &  4       &  4         & 4          \\
+  $F_{\mathrm{T}}$ &  SDSET       & SDS6     &  T       &  T         & T          & T       \\
+  $a_1$            &  SDSA1       & SDS6     & 6.24E-7  & 3.74E-7    & 4.75E-6    & 4.75E-6 \\
+  $p_1$            &  SDSP1       & SDS6     &  4       &  4         & 4          & 4       \\
+  $a_2$            &  SDSA2       & SDS6     & 8.74E-6  & 5.24E-6    & 7.00E-5    & 7.00E-5 \\
+  $p_2$            &  SDSP2       & SDS6     &  4       &  4         & 4          & 4 \\
 \hline
-  $\Upsilon$\tnote{\textdagger}       &  SINWS       & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & 32.0       \\
-  $N_{hf}$\tnote{\textdagger}         &  SINFC       & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & 6.0        \\
-  $a_0$            &  SINA0       & SIN6     & 0.04     & 0.09       & 0.09       \\
-  $b_1$ is constant&  CSTB1       & SWL6     & n/a      &  F         & F          \\
-  $b_1$, $B_1$     &  SWLB1       & SWL6     & 0.25E-3  & 0.0032     & 0.0041     \\
-  $\mathrm{FAC}$   &  CDFAC       & FLX4     & 1.00E-4  & 1.00E-4    & 1.0\tnote{\textdaggerdbl}        \\
+  $\Upsilon$\tnote{\textdagger}       &  SINWS       & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & 32.0   & 32.0   \\
+  $N_{hf}$\tnote{\textdagger}         &  SINFC       & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & 6.0    & 6.0    \\
+  $a_0$            &  SINA0       & SIN6     & 0.04     & 0.09       & 0.09       &  0.09 \\
+  $\hat{\alpha}$        &  CHKMIN & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & n/a        &  0.0095 \\
+  $\hat{\alpha}_\infty$ &  CHKINF & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & n/a        &  1.0E-4 \\
+  $U_c$            &  CHKCAP      & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & n/a        &  0.0\tnote{\S} \\
+  $\sigma_U$       &  CHKSIG      & SIN6     & n/a      & n/a        & n/a        &  5.0 \\
 \hline
-  $C$              &  NLPROP      & SNL1     & 3.00E7   &  3.00E7    & 3.00E7    \\
+  $b_1$ is constant&  CSTB1       & SWL6     & n/a      &  F         & F          &  F      \\
+  $b_1$, $B_1$     &  SWLB1       & SWL6     & 0.25E-3  & 0.0032     & 0.0041     &  0.0041 \\
+\hline
+  $\mathrm{FAC}$   &  CDFAC       & FLX4     & 1.00E-4  & 1.00E-4    & 1.0\tnote{\textdaggerdbl} & 1.0       \\
+\hline
+  $C$              &  NLPROP      & SNL1     & 3.00E7   &  3.00E7    & 3.00E7   & 3.00E7 \\
  \hline \hline
 \end{tabular}
 \begin{tablenotes}
-	\item[\textdagger] In WW3 version 4.18 and 5.16, $\Upsilon = 28.0$
+    \item[\textdagger] In WW3 version 4.18 and 5.16, $\Upsilon = 28.0$
             and $N_{hf} = 6.0$ were hard-coded in {\code ST6} module.
     \item[\textdaggerdbl] For the CFS winds from 2011 onwards, $\mathrm{CDFAC} \sim 1.0$
             is recommended for global simulations; for the ERA5 reanalysis winds,
             $\mathrm{CDFAC} \sim 1.08$ is suggested \citep{Liu2019, Liu2021}.
+    \item[\S] Capped Charnock parameter in Eq.~(\ref{eq:ST627}) disabled
+
 \end{tablenotes}
 \end{threeparttable} \end{center}
 \caption{Summary of calibration parameters for {\code ST6} when it is applied with
@@ -386,6 +394,32 @@ \subsubsection{~$S_{in} + S_{ds}$: Rogers et al. 2012 \& Zieger et al. 2015} \la
 means \emph{the high-frequency spectral tail evolves freely without any
 prescribed slope.}
 
+\noindent
+\paragraph{Charnock parameter}
+We introducted the calculation of the Charnock parameter $\alpha$
+within the ST6 source term in vers.\,7.14. The Charnock parameter
+is calculated from the wave supported stress, $\tau_{w}$ in Eq.~(\ref{eq:ST609}),
+ the total stress $\tau_{tot}$, and the minimum Charnock parameter,
+$\hat{\alpha}$.
+\begin{equation}\label{eq:ST626}
+\alpha = \hat{\alpha} \ \left [ 1- \frac{\tau_{w}}{\tau_{tot}}\right ]^{-1/2}
+\end{equation}
+Following \citet{art:BET22}, we included an option to reduce the minimum
+Charnock parameter for high wind speed and to allow reaching an asymptotic
+minimum value $\hat{\alpha}_\infty$. Using a threshold $U_c$ for
+wind speed $U$, and blending window $\sigma_U$, the minimum Charnock
+parameter takes the functional form given in Eq.~(\ref{eq:ST627}).
+A wind speed threshold greater than zero will trigger Eq.~(\ref{eq:ST627}).
+\begin{equation}\label{eq:ST627}
+\hat{\alpha} = \hat{\alpha}_\infty + \frac{1}{2} \left [ \hat{\alpha} - \hat{\alpha}_\infty \right ] \left [ 1 - \tanh \frac{U-U_c}{\sigma_U} \right ]
+\end{equation}
+While there is no consensus on the choice of parameters yet, we extended
+the namelist parameters {\code \&SIN6} in Table~\ref{tab:ST601}
+for minimum Charnock $\hat{\alpha}$,
+asymptotic Charnock $\hat{\alpha}_\infty$,
+wind speed threshold $U_c$, and
+blending window $\sigma_U$.
+
 \noindent
 \paragraph{Dominant Wave Breaking Probability}
 Following \citet[][their Fig.~12]{art:BBY01}, the dominant wave breaking probability $b_T$ can be estimated from the wave spectrum $F(f, \theta)$ according to the following parametric form

diff --git a/manual/manual.bib b/manual/manual.bib
@@ -3786,3 +3786,13 @@ @ARTICLE{Srokosz1986
    keywords={altimeter;sea state bias},
 }
 
+@ARTICLE{art:BET22,
+   author = "Breivik, {\O}yvind and Carrasco, Ana and Haakenstad, Hilde and Aarnes, Ole Johan and Behrens, Arno and Bidlot, Jean-Raymond and Bj{\"o}rkqvist, Jan-Victor and Bohlinger, Patrik and Furevik, Birgitte R. and Staneva, Joanna and Reistad, Magnar",
+   title = "The Impact of a Reduced High-Wind Charnock Parameter on Wave Growth With Application to the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea, and the Arctic Ocean",
+   journal = JGR,
+   volume = 127,
+   number = 3,
+   pages = "e2021JC018196",
+   year = 2022,
+}
+
diff --git a/model/bin/build_utils.sh b/model/bin/build_utils.sh
@@ -530,14 +530,6 @@ check_switches()
       echo ' ' ; exit 14
   fi
 
-  if [ "$oasis" = 'OASIS' ] && [ "$str_st3" = 'no' ]
-  then
-      echo ' '
-      echo "   *** !/OASIS cannot be used in combination with !/$stress"
-      echo "       Stresses embedded in source terms, use FLX0."
-      echo ' ' ; exit 15
-  fi
-
   if [ -n "$thread1" ] && [ "$s_nl" = 'NL2' ]
   then
       echo ' '

diff --git a/model/bin/comp.tmpl b/model/bin/comp.tmpl
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
   # oasis coupler include dir
   if [ "$oasis_mod" = 'yes' ]
   then
-    opt="$opt -I$OASISDIR/build/lib/psmile.MPI1"
+    opt="$opt -I$OASISDIR/include -I$OASISDIR/build/lib/psmile.MPI1"
   fi
 
   # netcdf include dir

diff --git a/model/bin/switch_NCEP_rwps b/model/bin/switch_NCEP_rwps
diff --git a/model/bin/switch_NWS_rwps b/model/bin/switch_NWS_rwps
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+NCO NOGRB TRKNC NC4 DIST MPI MLIM PR3 UQ FLX0 PDLIB SCOTCH LN1 ST4 STAB0 NL1 BT1 DB1 TR1 BS0 IS0 IC4 REF1 WNT1 WNX1 RWND CRT1 CRX1 O0 O1 O2 O3 O4 O5 O6 O7 O14 O15
diff --git a/model/bin/ww3_from_ftp.sh b/model/bin/ww3_from_ftp.sh
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ cp -r data_regtests/ww3_tp2.14/input/toy/toy_coupled_field.nc.OASACM regtests/ww
 cp -r data_regtests/ww3_tp2.14/input/toy/toy_coupled_field.nc.OASACM regtests/ww3_tp2.14/input/toy/toy_coupled_field.nc.OASACM6
 cp -r data_regtests/ww3_tp2.14/input/toy/*.nc regtests/ww3_tp2.14/input/toy/
 cp -r data_regtests/ww3_tp2.17/input/*     regtests/ww3_tp2.17/input/
+cp -r data_regtests/ww3_tp2.17/input_ice/* regtests/ww3_tp2.17/input_ice/
 cp -r data_regtests/ww3_tp2.19/input/*     regtests/ww3_tp2.19/input/
 cp -r data_regtests/ww3_tp2.21/input/*     regtests/ww3_tp2.21/input/
 cp -r data_regtests/mww3_test_09/input/*   regtests/mww3_test_09/input/

diff --git a/model/src/cmake/switches.json b/model/src/cmake/switches.json
@@ -744,10 +744,9 @@
         "valid-options": [
             {
                 "name": "OASIS",
-		"requires": ["MPI"],
                 "build_files": ["w3oacpmd.F90"],
-                "conflicts": ["FLX1", "FLX2", "FLX3", "FLX4"]
-
+                "requires": ["MPI"],
+                "conflicts": ["FLX1", "FLX2", "FLX3"]
             }
         ]
     },

diff --git a/model/src/gx_outp.F90 b/model/src/gx_outp.F90
@@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@ SUBROUTINE GXEXPO
 #endif
 #ifdef W3_ST6
           CALL W3SIN6 (A, CG, WN2, UABS, USTAR, UDIRR, CD, &
-               DAIR, TAUWX, TAUWY, TAUWNX, TAUWNY, XWI, DIA )
+               DAIR, TAUWX, TAUWY, TAUWNX, TAUWNY, CHARN, XWI, DIA )
 #endif
         END IF
         IF ( FLSRCE(3) ) THEN

diff --git a/model/src/w3flx4md.F90 b/model/src/w3flx4md.F90
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ SUBROUTINE W3FLX4 ( ZWND, U10, U10D, UST, USTD, Z0, CD )
     ! Formats
     !
 1000 FORMAT (/' *** WAVEWATCH III ERROR IN W3FLX4 : '/               &
-         '     HIGHT OF WIND SHOULD BE 10m IN THIS APPRACH '/   &
+         '     HIGHT OF WIND SHOULD BE 10m IN THIS APPROACH '/   &
          '     ZWND =',F8.2,'m'/)
     !/
     !/ End of W3FLX4 ----------------------------------------------------- /

diff --git a/model/src/w3gdatmd.F90 b/model/src/w3gdatmd.F90
@@ -840,11 +840,11 @@ MODULE W3GDATMD
     REAL :: DUMMY
 #ifdef W3_FLD1
     INTEGER               :: Tail_ID
-    REAL                  :: Tail_Lev, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2
+    REAL                  :: Tail_Lev, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2, FLDALPHA
 #endif
 #ifdef W3_FLD2
     INTEGER               :: Tail_ID
-    REAL                  :: Tail_Lev, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2
+    REAL                  :: Tail_Lev, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2, FLDALPHA
 #endif
   END TYPE FLDP
   TYPE SFLP
@@ -920,9 +920,9 @@ MODULE W3GDATMD
     !
 #ifdef W3_ST6
     REAL                  :: SIN6A0, SDS6A1, SDS6A2, SWL6B1, &
-         SIN6WS, SIN6FC
+         SIN6WS, SIN6FC, SIN6CHKMIN, SIN6CHKINF, SIN6CHKCAP, SIN6CHKSIG
     INTEGER               :: SDS6P1, SDS6P2
-    LOGICAL               :: SDS6ET, SWL6S6, SWL6CSTB1
+    LOGICAL               :: SDS6ET, SWL6S6, SWL6CSTB1, SIN6FLCAP
 #endif
   END TYPE SRCP
   !
@@ -1279,11 +1279,11 @@ MODULE W3GDATMD
   !/
 #ifdef W3_FLD1
   INTEGER, POINTER         :: TAIL_ID
-  REAL, POINTER            :: TAIL_LEV, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2
+  REAL, POINTER            :: TAIL_LEV, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2, FLDALPHA
 #endif
 #ifdef W3_FLD2
   INTEGER, POINTER         :: TAIL_ID
-  REAL, POINTER            :: TAIL_LEV, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2
+  REAL, POINTER            :: TAIL_LEV, TAIL_TRAN1, TAIL_TRAN2, FLDALPHA
 #endif
   !/
   !/ Data aliasses for structure SFLP(S)
@@ -1344,9 +1344,9 @@ MODULE W3GDATMD
 #endif
 #ifdef W3_ST6
   REAL, POINTER           :: SIN6A0, SDS6A1, SDS6A2, SWL6B1, &
-       SIN6WS, SIN6FC
+       SIN6WS, SIN6FC, SIN6CHKMIN, SIN6CHKINF, SIN6CHKCAP, SIN6CHKSIG
   INTEGER, POINTER        :: SDS6P1, SDS6P2
-  LOGICAL, POINTER        :: SDS6ET, SWL6S6, SWL6CSTB1
+  LOGICAL, POINTER        :: SDS6ET, SWL6S6, SWL6CSTB1, SIN6FLCAP
 #endif
   REAL, POINTER           :: WWNMEANPTAIL, SSTXFTFTAIL
   !/
@@ -2595,12 +2595,14 @@ SUBROUTINE W3SETG ( IMOD, NDSE, NDST )
     TAIL_LEV => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%TAIL_LEV
     TAIL_TRAN1 => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%TAIL_TRAN1
     TAIL_TRAN2 => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%TAIL_TRAN2
+    FLDALPHA => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%FLDALPHA
 #endif
 #ifdef W3_FLD2
     TAIL_ID  => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%TAIL_ID
     TAIL_LEV => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%TAIL_LEV
     TAIL_TRAN1 => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%TAIL_TRAN1
     TAIL_TRAN2 => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%TAIL_TRAN2
+    FLDALPHA => MPARS(IMOD)%FLDPS%FLDALPHA
 #endif
     !
     !     Structure SFLPS
@@ -2726,6 +2728,11 @@ SUBROUTINE W3SETG ( IMOD, NDSE, NDST )
     SIN6A0 => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6A0
     SIN6WS => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6WS
     SIN6FC => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6FC
+    SIN6CHKMIN => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6CHKMIN
+    SIN6CHKINF => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6CHKINF
+    SIN6CHKCAP => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6CHKCAP
+    SIN6CHKSIG => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6CHKSIG
+    SIN6FLCAP => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SIN6FLCAP
     SDS6ET => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SDS6ET
     SDS6A1 => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SDS6A1
     SDS6P1 => MPARS(IMOD)%SRCPS%SDS6P1
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
		@@ -0,0 +1 @@
		NCO NOGRB TRKNC NC4 DIST MPI MLIM PR3 UQ FLX0 PDLIB SCOTCH LN1 ST4 STAB0 NL1 BT1 DB1 TR1 BS0 IS0 IC4 REF1 WNT1 WNX1 RWND CRT1 CRX1 O0 O1 O2 O3 O4 O5 O6 O7 O14 O15