New SRAL_GetTTSEngines and SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines bit mask functions

.github/workflows/cmake-build.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
 
 
       - name: Configure CMake
-        run: cmake . -B build -DCMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=x86_64 -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON
+        run: cmake . -B build -DCMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES="arm64;x86_64" -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON
 
       - name: Build with CMake
         run: cmake --build build --config Release -j 16
@@ -43,5 +43,3 @@ jobs:
         with:
           name: ${{ matrix.os }}-build
           path: build
-
-

Bindings/Python/sral.py

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ class SRALEngine(IntEnum):
     VOICE_OVER = 1 << 8
     NS_SPEECH = 1 << 9
     AV_SPEECH = 1 << 10
+    ANDROID_ACCESSIBILITY_MANAGER = 1 << 11
+    ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH = 1 << 12
 
 class SRALFeature(IntEnum):
     """
@@ -217,6 +219,12 @@ def ptr(self):
     _sral_lib.SRAL_GetActiveEngines.argtypes = []
     _sral_lib.SRAL_GetActiveEngines.restype = ctypes.c_int
 
+    _sral_lib.SRAL_GetTTSEngines.argtypes = []
+    _sral_lib.SRAL_GetTTSEngines.restype = ctypes.c_int
+
+    _sral_lib.SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines.argtypes = []
+    _sral_lib.SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines.restype = ctypes.c_int
+
     _sral_lib.SRAL_GetEngineName.argtypes = [ctypes.c_int]
     _sral_lib.SRAL_GetEngineName.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
 
@@ -772,6 +780,31 @@ def get_active_engines(self) -> int:
         if not _sral_lib: return 0
         return _sral_lib.SRAL_GetActiveEngines()
 
+    def get_tts_engines(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Get the bitmask of engines that are pure text-to-speech synthesizers.
+
+        Intended use: pass to set_engines_exclude when the application wants
+        to opt out of TTS output (e.g., only speak through assistive tech
+        unless the user has enabled an in-app TTS option).
+
+        Returns:
+            A bitmask of SRALEngine enums representing TTS engines.
+        """
+        if not _sral_lib: return 0
+        return _sral_lib.SRAL_GetTTSEngines()
+
+    def get_assistive_tech_engines(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Get the bitmask of engines that represent assistive technology
+        (screen readers and the accessibility frameworks that drive them).
+
+        Returns:
+            A bitmask of SRALEngine enums representing assistive-tech engines.
+        """
+        if not _sral_lib: return 0
+        return _sral_lib.SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines()
+
     def set_engines_exclude(self, engines_exclude: int) -> bool:
         """
         Exclude certain engines from auto-update.

Bindings/go/SRAL/sral.go

@@ -202,6 +202,23 @@ func GetActiveEngines() Engine {
 	return Engine(engines)
 }
 
+// GetTTSEngines returns a bitmask of engines that are pure text-to-speech
+// synthesizers (e.g., SAPI, Speech Dispatcher, NSSpeech, AVSpeech, Android TTS).
+//
+// Pass this to SetEnginesExclude when the application wants to opt out of TTS
+// output (for instance, only speaking through a screen reader unless the user
+// has enabled an in-app TTS option).
+func GetTTSEngines() Engine {
+	return Engine(C.SRAL_GetTTSEngines())
+}
+
+// GetAssistiveTechEngines returns a bitmask of engines that represent assistive
+// technology — screen readers and the accessibility frameworks that drive them
+// (e.g., NVDA, JAWS, ZDSR, Narrator, UIA, VoiceOver, Android AccessibilityManager).
+func GetAssistiveTechEngines() Engine {
+	return Engine(C.SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines())
+}
+
 // GetEngineName returns the name of the specified engine.
 func GetEngineName(engine Engine) string {
 	cName := C.SRAL_GetEngineName(C.int(engine))

Bindings/go/SRAL/types.go

@@ -27,8 +27,12 @@ const (
 	NSSpeechEngine
 	// AVSpeechEngine — AVFoundation Speech Synthesizer (AVSpeechSynthesizer) for Apple platforms.
 	AVSpeechEngine
+	// AndroidAccessibilityManagerEngine — Android AccessibilityManager, drives the active screen reader (typically TalkBack).
+	AndroidAccessibilityManagerEngine
+	// AndroidTextToSpeechEngine — Android TextToSpeech synthesizer.
+	AndroidTextToSpeechEngine
 	// AllEngines is a bitmask of all supported engines.
-	AllEngines Engine = NVDAEngine | JAWSEngine | ZDSREngine | NarratorEngine | UIAEngine | SAPIEngine | SpeechDispatcherEngine | NSSpeechEngine | VoiceOverEngine | AVSpeechEngine
+	AllEngines Engine = NVDAEngine | JAWSEngine | ZDSREngine | NarratorEngine | UIAEngine | SAPIEngine | SpeechDispatcherEngine | NSSpeechEngine | VoiceOverEngine | AVSpeechEngine | AndroidAccessibilityManagerEngine | AndroidTextToSpeechEngine
 	// InvalidEngine represents an error or uninitialized engine state.
 	InvalidEngine Engine = -1
 	// NoSpecifiedEngine is used for auto-selection of the engine.

Examples/C/SRALExample.c

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void PrintEngineNames(int engineBitmask, const char* title) {
 		return;
 	}
 	bool found = false;
-	for (int engine_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; engine_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_AV_SPEECH; engine_val <<= 1) {
+	for (int engine_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; engine_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH; engine_val <<= 1) {
 		if (engineBitmask & engine_val) {
 			const char* name = SRAL_GetEngineName(engine_val);
 			printf("  - %s (0x%X)\n", name ? name : "Unknown Engine", engine_val);
@@ -122,26 +122,39 @@ int main(void) {
 	int active_engines = SRAL_GetActiveEngines();
 	PrintEngineNames(active_engines, "Currently Active/Usable Engines");
 
+	int tts_engines = SRAL_GetTTSEngines();
+	PrintEngineNames(tts_engines, "TTS Engines (category)");
+
+	int at_engines = SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines();
+	PrintEngineNames(at_engines, "Assistive-Tech Engines (category)");
+
+	bool at_active = (active_engines & at_engines) != 0;
+	printf("Assistive tech currently active: %s\n\n", at_active ? "yes" : "no");
+
+	CHECK((tts_engines & at_engines) == 0,
+		"TTS and assistive-tech masks are disjoint.",
+		"TTS and assistive-tech masks overlap!");
+
 	int current_engine_id = SRAL_GetCurrentEngine();
 	printf("Current Default Engine: %s (0x%X)\n", SRAL_GetEngineName(current_engine_id) ? SRAL_GetEngineName(current_engine_id) : "None/Unknown", current_engine_id);
 
 	printf("\nNames of all SRAL_Engines enum members (as per SRAL_GetEngineName):\n");
-	for (int e_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; e_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_AV_SPEECH; e_val <<= 1) {
+	for (int e_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; e_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH; e_val <<= 1) {
 		const char* name = SRAL_GetEngineName(e_val);
 		printf("  Engine ID 0x%X: %s\n", e_val, name ? name : "(Name not defined or not a single engine ID)");
 	}
 
 
 	int specific_engine_for_ex_tests = SRAL_ENGINE_NONE;
 	if (active_engines != SRAL_ENGINE_NONE) {
-		for (int e_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; e_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_AV_SPEECH; e_val <<= 1) {
+		for (int e_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; e_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH; e_val <<= 1) {
 			if ((active_engines & e_val) && e_val != current_engine_id) {
 				specific_engine_for_ex_tests = e_val;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
 		if (specific_engine_for_ex_tests == SRAL_ENGINE_NONE) {
-			for (int e_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; e_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_AV_SPEECH; e_val <<= 1) {
+			for (int e_val = SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA; e_val <= SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH; e_val <<= 1) {
 				if (active_engines & e_val) {
 					specific_engine_for_ex_tests = e_val;
 					break;
@@ -616,6 +629,19 @@ int main(void) {
 
 	CHECK(engines_to_exclude == new_engines_to_exclude, "Engines exclude set/get matches", "Engines exclude set/get mismatch");
 
+	// Regression check: excluding the whole TTS category must never leave a TTS
+	// engine selected as current. Previously a sticky fallback engine (e.g. NS
+	// Speech) could keep speaking through TTS after it had been excluded.
+	CHECK_SRAL(SRAL_SetEnginesExclude(SRAL_GetTTSEngines()), "Excluded the TTS engine category.");
+	int current_with_tts_excluded = SRAL_GetCurrentEngine();
+	printf("  Current engine with TTS excluded: %s (0x%X)\n",
+		SRAL_GetEngineName(current_with_tts_excluded) ? SRAL_GetEngineName(current_with_tts_excluded) : "None",
+		current_with_tts_excluded);
+	CHECK((current_with_tts_excluded & SRAL_GetTTSEngines()) == 0,
+		"No TTS engine is current while the TTS category is excluded.",
+		"A TTS engine is still current despite the TTS category being excluded!");
+	SRAL_SetEnginesExclude(engines_to_exclude); // Restore the prior exclude state.
+
 
 	TEST_SECTION("Unregister Keyboard Hooks");
 	SRAL_UnregisterKeyboardHooks();

Include/SRAL.h

@@ -520,6 +520,39 @@ SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH = 1 << 12
 
 
 
+	/**
+* @brief Get the bitmask of engines that are pure text-to-speech synthesizers
+* (e.g., SAPI, Speech Dispatcher, NSSpeech, AVSpeech, Android TextToSpeech).
+*
+* Intended use: pass to SRAL_SetEnginesExclude when the application wants to
+* opt out of TTS output (for instance, only speaking through a screen reader
+* unless the user has enabled an in-app TTS option).
+*
+* @return Bitmask of TTS engines defined by the SRAL_Engines enumeration.
+*/
+
+
+	SRAL_API int SRAL_GetTTSEngines(void);
+
+
+
+	/**
+* @brief Get the bitmask of engines that represent assistive technology
+* (screen readers and the accessibility frameworks that drive them, e.g.,
+* NVDA, JAWS, ZDSR, Narrator, UIA, VoiceOver, Android AccessibilityManager).
+*
+* When any of these engines is active, output is routed to the user's
+* configured assistive tech (which itself handles speech and braille
+* per the user's preferences).
+*
+* @return Bitmask of assistive-tech engines defined by the SRAL_Engines enumeration.
+*/
+
+
+	SRAL_API int SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines(void);
+
+
+
 	/**
  * @brief Get name of the specified engine.
  * @param engine The identifier of the engine to query.

README.md

@@ -122,4 +122,19 @@ bool SRAL_Braille(const char* text);
 // Check if an engine is currently speaking
 bool SRAL_IsSpeaking(void);
 
+// Categorized engine bitmasks (use with SRAL_SetEnginesExclude)
+int  SRAL_GetTTSEngines(void);
+int  SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines(void);
+```
+
+### Routing only through assistive tech (with optional in-app TTS)
+
+If your application should always speak through the user's assistive
+technology, but only fall back to platform TTS when the user has
+explicitly enabled it, exclude the TTS engines by default:
+
+```c
+bool tts_option_enabled = /* your app's setting */;
+SRAL_SetEnginesExclude(tts_option_enabled ? 0 : SRAL_GetTTSEngines());
+SRAL_Speak("hello", true);  // routes to AT always; to TTS only if opted in
 ```

SRC/SRAL.cpp

@@ -336,14 +336,26 @@ static BOOL FindProcess(const wchar_t* name) {
 
 #endif
 static void speech_engine_update() {
-	if (!g_currentEngine || !g_currentEngine->GetActive() || g_currentEngine->GetNumber() == SRAL_ENGINE_SAPI || g_currentEngine->GetNumber() == SRAL_ENGINE_UIA || g_currentEngine->GetNumber() == SRAL_ENGINE_AV_SPEECH || g_currentEngine->GetNumber() == SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH) {
+	// Re-evaluate the current engine whenever it is unset, no longer active, a
+	// TTS engine, or UIA. Screen readers are sticky once chosen; the lower
+	// priority engines (TTS / UIA) must keep yielding to a screen reader that
+	// appears, and must also react to changes in g_excludes. Deriving the TTS
+	// set from SRAL_GetTTSEngines() keeps this in sync as engines are added.
+	if (!g_currentEngine
+		|| !g_currentEngine->GetActive()
+		|| (g_currentEngine->GetNumber() & SRAL_GetTTSEngines())
+		|| g_currentEngine->GetNumber() == SRAL_ENGINE_UIA) {
 #if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(SRAL_NO_UIA)
 		if (FindProcess(L"narrator.exe") == TRUE) {
 			g_currentEngine = get_engine(SRAL_ENGINE_UIA);
 			return;
 		}
 		else {
 #endif
+			// Clear first: if no active, non-excluded engine qualifies there is
+			// genuinely nothing to speak through, and g_currentEngine must not
+			// keep pointing at a stale (e.g. excluded) engine.
+			g_currentEngine = nullptr;
 			for (const auto& [value, ptr] : g_engines) {
 				if (ptr->GetActive() && !(g_excludes & value)) {
 					g_currentEngine = ptr.get();
@@ -622,6 +634,24 @@ extern "C" SRAL_API int SRAL_GetActiveEngines(void) {
 	return mask;
 }
 
+extern "C" SRAL_API int SRAL_GetTTSEngines(void) {
+	return SRAL_ENGINE_SAPI
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_SPEECH_DISPATCHER
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_NS_SPEECH
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_AV_SPEECH
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_TEXT_TO_SPEECH;
+}
+
+extern "C" SRAL_API int SRAL_GetAssistiveTechEngines(void) {
+	return SRAL_ENGINE_NVDA
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_JAWS
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_ZDSR
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_NARRATOR
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_UIA
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_VOICE_OVER
+		| SRAL_ENGINE_ANDROID_ACCESSIBILITY_MANAGER;
+}
+
 
 extern "C" SRAL_API const char* SRAL_GetEngineName(int engine) {
 	switch (static_cast<SRAL_Engines>(engine)) {