fix: correct kubeconfig ownership when running under sudo

pkg/cli/connect_helm.go

@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@ func writeKubeConfig(kubeConfig *clientcmdapi.Config, vClusterName string, optio
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		fixFileOwnershipUnderSudo(clientcmd.NewDefaultClientConfigLoadingRules().GetDefaultFilename())
 
 		log.Donef("Switched active kube context to %s", options.KubeConfigContextName)
 		if !options.BackgroundProxy && portForwarding {
@@ -227,6 +228,7 @@ func writeKubeConfig(kubeConfig *clientcmdapi.Config, vClusterName string, optio
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("write kube config: %w", err)
 		}
+		fixFileOwnershipUnderSudo(options.KubeConfig)
 
 		log.Donef("Virtual cluster kube config written to: %s", options.KubeConfig)
 		if options.Server == "" {

pkg/cli/sudo.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// fixFileOwnershipUnderSudo corrects ownership of a file and its parent directory
+// when running under sudo. This handles the corner case where "sudo vcluster create"
+// is run on a machine without an existing ~/.kube/config — the newly created file
+// and directory are root-owned, making them unusable by the actual user. When the
+// file already exists, overwriting preserves the original ownership (POSIX behavior),
+// so this is a no-op in the common case.
+//
+// Only paths under the invoking user's home directory (resolved via os/user from
+// SUDO_USER) are modified. System paths like /etc or /tmp are never touched.
+func fixFileOwnershipUnderSudo(filePath string) {
+	filePath, _ = filepath.Abs(filePath)
+
+	sudoUID := os.Getenv("SUDO_UID")
+	sudoGID := os.Getenv("SUDO_GID")
+	sudoUser := os.Getenv("SUDO_USER")
+	if sudoUID == "" || sudoGID == "" || sudoUser == "" {
+		return
+	}
+
+	uid, err := strconv.Atoi(sudoUID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	gid, err := strconv.Atoi(sudoGID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Resolve the real user's home from the system user database (passwd/LDAP/
+	// directory services). This avoids hardcoding /home or /Users and handles
+	// non-standard home layouts.
+	u, err := user.Lookup(sudoUser)
+	if err != nil || u.HomeDir == "" {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Only fix ownership for paths under the user's home directory.
+	// Anything outside (e.g. /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf, /tmp) is left untouched.
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(filePath, u.HomeDir+string(os.PathSeparator)) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	_ = os.Chown(filePath, uid, gid)
+	_ = os.Chown(filepath.Dir(filePath), uid, gid)
+}