[bugfix] declare copy-namespaces no-inherit breaking element constructors

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/xquery/ElementConstructor.java

@@ -275,24 +275,32 @@ public Sequence eval(final Sequence contextSequence, final Item contextItem) thr
             if (qnitem instanceof QNameValue) {
                 qn = ((QNameValue) qnitem).getQName();
             } else {
-                //Do we have the same result than Atomize there ? -pb
-                try {
-                    qn = QName.parse(context, qnitem.getStringValue());
-                } catch (final QName.IllegalQNameException e) {
-                    throw new XPathException(this, ErrorCodes.XPTY0004, "'" + qnitem.getStringValue() + "' is not a valid element name");
-                } catch (final XPathException e) {
-                    e.setLocation(getLine(), getColumn(), getSource());
-                    throw e;
+                // Element constructors must resolve namespace prefixes using the full
+                // inherited namespace context, regardless of declare copy-namespaces no-inherit.
+                // The no-inherit option governs how namespaces propagate from copied source
+                // nodes, not how constructor names are resolved (XQuery 3.1 §3.9.3.4).
+                final boolean savedInherit = context.inheritNamespaces();
+                if (!savedInherit) {
+                    context.setInheritNamespaces(true);
                 }
+                try {
+                    //Do we have the same result than Atomize there ? -pb
+                    try {
+                        qn = QName.parse(context, qnitem.getStringValue());
+                    } catch (final QName.IllegalQNameException e) {
+                        throw new XPathException(this, ErrorCodes.XPTY0004, "'" + qnitem.getStringValue() + "' is not a valid element name");
+                    } catch (final XPathException e) {
+                        e.setLocation(getLine(), getColumn(), getSource());
+                        throw e;
+                    }
 
-                //Use the default namespace if specified
-                /*
-                 if (qn.getPrefix() == null && context.inScopeNamespaces.get("xmlns") != null) {
-                     qn.setNamespaceURI((String)context.inScopeNamespaces.get("xmlns"));
-                 }
-                 */
-                if (qn.getPrefix() == null && context.getInScopeNamespace(XMLConstants.DEFAULT_NS_PREFIX) != null) {
-                    qn = new QName(qn.getLocalPart(), context.getInScopeNamespace(XMLConstants.DEFAULT_NS_PREFIX), qn.getPrefix());
+                    if (qn.getPrefix() == null && context.getInScopeNamespace(XMLConstants.DEFAULT_NS_PREFIX) != null) {
+                        qn = new QName(qn.getLocalPart(), context.getInScopeNamespace(XMLConstants.DEFAULT_NS_PREFIX), qn.getPrefix());
+                    }
+                } finally {
+                    if (!savedInherit) {
+                        context.setInheritNamespaces(false);
+                    }
                 }
             }
 

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/xquery/EnclosedExpr.java

@@ -21,28 +21,38 @@
  */
 package org.exist.xquery;
 
+import org.exist.dom.QName;
 import org.exist.dom.memtree.DocumentBuilderReceiver;
+import org.exist.dom.memtree.DocumentImpl;
 import org.exist.dom.memtree.MemTreeBuilder;
+import org.exist.dom.memtree.NodeImpl;
 import org.exist.dom.memtree.TextImpl;
+import org.exist.util.serializer.AttrList;
 import org.exist.xquery.functions.array.ArrayType;
 import org.exist.xquery.util.ExpressionDumper;
 import org.exist.xquery.value.*;
 import org.w3c.dom.DOMException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 
+import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
 /**
  * Represents an enclosed expression <code>{expr}</code> inside element
  * content. Enclosed expressions within attribute values are processed by
  * {@link org.exist.xquery.AttributeConstructor}.
- *  
+ *
  * @author <a href="mailto:wolfgang@exist-db.org">Wolfgang Meier</a>
  */
 public class EnclosedExpr extends PathExpr {
 
     public EnclosedExpr(XQueryContext context) {
         super(context);
     }
-    
+
 	public void analyze(AnalyzeContextInfo contextInfo) throws XPathException {
 		final AnalyzeContextInfo newContextInfo = new AnalyzeContextInfo(contextInfo);
 		newContextInfo.removeFlag(IN_NODE_CONSTRUCTOR);
@@ -74,14 +84,41 @@ public Sequence eval(Sequence contextSequence, Item contextItem) throws XPathExc
         Sequence result;
         context.enterEnclosedExpr();
         try {
+            // Check copy-namespaces mode before evaluation so we can lazily capture
+            // innerBuilder only when no-inherit is active. In the default (inherit) case
+            // this avoids the peekDocumentBuilder() call entirely.
+            final boolean noInherit = !context.inheritNamespaces();
+
             context.pushDocumentContext();
 
+            MemTreeBuilder innerBuilder = null;
             try {
                 result = super.eval(contextSequence, null);
+                // Only capture the inner builder when no-inherit is active — it is used
+                // solely to distinguish pre-existing nodes (variable references / copies)
+                // from nodes constructed inside this enclosed expression.
+                if (noInherit) {
+                    innerBuilder = context.getCurrentDocumentBuilder();
+                }
             } finally {
                 context.popDocumentContext();
             }
 
+            // Compute ancestor namespace context for no-inherit copy handling.
+            // This is the union of inherited namespaces (from outer constructors) and
+            // in-scope namespaces (from the immediately enclosing constructor), i.e. all
+            // namespace bindings that an ancestor traversal from this element would find.
+            Map<String, String> ancestorNS = null;
+            if (noInherit) {
+                final Map<String, String> inherited = context.getAllInheritedNamespaces();
+                final Map<String, String> inScope = context.getInScopeNamespaces();
+                if ((inherited != null && !inherited.isEmpty()) || (inScope != null && !inScope.isEmpty())) {
+                    ancestorNS = new HashMap<>();
+                    if (inherited != null) { ancestorNS.putAll(inherited); }
+                    if (inScope != null) { ancestorNS.putAll(inScope); }
+                }
+            }
+
             // create the output
             final MemTreeBuilder builder = context.getDocumentBuilder();
             final DocumentBuilderReceiver receiver = new DocumentBuilderReceiver(this, builder);
@@ -130,7 +167,25 @@ public Sequence eval(Sequence contextSequence, Item contextItem) throws XPathExc
                         }
                         try {
                             receiver.setCheckNS(false);
-                            next.copyTo(context.getBroker(), receiver);
+                            // When copy-namespaces no-inherit is active, pre-existing element nodes
+                            // (i.e. nodes from variable references, not direct constructors) must have
+                            // namespace undeclarations injected so that ancestor-traversal in
+                            // in-scope-prefixes() is neutralized for inherited namespace bindings.
+                            if (noInherit && ancestorNS != null
+                                    && next.getType() == Type.ELEMENT
+                                    && next instanceof NodeImpl) {
+                                final NodeImpl nodeImpl = (NodeImpl) next;
+                                final boolean isPreExisting = (innerBuilder == null)
+                                        || (nodeImpl.getOwnerDocument() != innerBuilder.getDocument());
+                                if (isPreExisting) {
+                                    next.copyTo(context.getBroker(),
+                                            new NoInheritCopyReceiver(this, builder, ancestorNS));
+                                } else {
+                                    next.copyTo(context.getBroker(), receiver);
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                next.copyTo(context.getBroker(), receiver);
+                            }
                             receiver.setCheckNS(true);
                         } catch (DOMException e) {
                             if (e.code == DOMException.NAMESPACE_ERR) {
@@ -194,4 +249,104 @@ public Expression simplify() {
     public boolean evalNextExpressionOnEmptyContextSequence() {
         return true;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * A {@link DocumentBuilderReceiver} that injects namespace undeclarations onto the
+     * root element of a copied pre-existing node when {@code declare copy-namespaces no-inherit}
+     * is active.  The undeclarations neutralize ancestor namespace bindings so that
+     * {@code fn:in-scope-prefixes()} traversing the ancestor chain returns the correct result.
+     *
+     * <p>Only prefixes present in {@code ancestorNS} but absent from the root element's own
+     * namespace declarations are undeclared (i.e. recorded as {@code xmlns:prefix=""}).</p>
+     */
+    private static final class NoInheritCopyReceiver extends DocumentBuilderReceiver {
+
+        private final Map<String, String> ancestorNS;
+        /** True once the root element's startElement event has been seen. */
+        private boolean rootSeen = false;
+        /** True once undeclarations have been flushed (happens before first non-namespace event). */
+        private boolean undeclsFlushed = false;
+        /** Prefixes that the root element itself declares (element prefix + xmlns:* nodes). */
+        private final Set<String> rootOwnPrefixes = new HashSet<>();
+
+        NoInheritCopyReceiver(final Expression expr, final MemTreeBuilder builder,
+                final Map<String, String> ancestorNS) {
+            super(expr, builder);
+            this.ancestorNS = ancestorNS;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void startElement(final QName qname, final AttrList attribs) {
+            if (!rootSeen) {
+                rootSeen = true;
+                // Track the element's own namespace prefix so we don't undeclare it.
+                final String prefix = qname.getPrefix();
+                if (prefix != null && !prefix.isEmpty()) {
+                    rootOwnPrefixes.add(prefix);
+                }
+                // Note: namespace declaration nodes for this element come via addNamespaceNode
+                // after startElement; they are collected in rootOwnPrefixes there.
+            } else {
+                maybeFlushUndeclarations();
+            }
+            super.startElement(qname, attribs);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void addNamespaceNode(final QName qname) throws SAXException {
+            if (rootSeen && !undeclsFlushed) {
+                // Collect the prefix that this namespace node declares on the root element.
+                rootOwnPrefixes.add(qname.getLocalPart());
+            }
+            super.addNamespaceNode(qname);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void characters(final CharSequence seq) throws SAXException {
+            maybeFlushUndeclarations();
+            super.characters(seq);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void characters(final char[] ch, final int start, final int len) throws SAXException {
+            maybeFlushUndeclarations();
+            super.characters(ch, start, len);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void endElement(final String ns, final String local, final String qname) throws SAXException {
+            maybeFlushUndeclarations();
+            super.endElement(ns, local, qname);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void endElement(final QName qname) throws SAXException {
+            maybeFlushUndeclarations();
+            super.endElement(qname);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Emit namespace undeclarations for every ancestor namespace binding whose prefix is
+         * not already declared by the root element itself.  Called before the first non-namespace
+         * event on the root element (child, text, endElement) to ensure the nodes attach to the
+         * root element node number in the MemTree.
+         */
+        private void maybeFlushUndeclarations() {
+            if (rootSeen && !undeclsFlushed) {
+                undeclsFlushed = true;
+                for (final Map.Entry<String, String> entry : ancestorNS.entrySet()) {
+                    final String prefix = entry.getKey();
+                    if (!rootOwnPrefixes.contains(prefix)) {
+                        try {
+                            super.addNamespaceNode(
+                                    new QName(prefix, XMLConstants.NULL_NS_URI, XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE));
+                        } catch (final SAXException e) {
+                            // Silently skip — undeclaration is best-effort; worst case
+                            // in-scope-prefixes() returns a superset which is handled by cleanup.
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/xquery/ModuleContext.java

@@ -357,6 +357,11 @@ public MemTreeBuilder getDocumentBuilder(final boolean explicitCreation) {
         return parentContext.getDocumentBuilder(explicitCreation);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public MemTreeBuilder getCurrentDocumentBuilder() {
+        return parentContext.getCurrentDocumentBuilder();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void pushDocumentContext() {
         parentContext.pushDocumentContext();
@@ -523,6 +528,11 @@ public String getInheritedNamespace(final String prefix) {
         return parentContext.getInheritedNamespace(prefix);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public Map<String, String> getAllInheritedNamespaces() {
+        return parentContext.getAllInheritedNamespaces();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String getInheritedPrefix(final String uri) {
         return parentContext.getInheritedPrefix(uri);

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/xquery/XQueryContext.java

@@ -969,6 +969,18 @@ public String getInheritedNamespace(final String prefix) {
         return inheritedInScopeNamespaces == null ? null : inheritedInScopeNamespaces.get(prefix);
     }
 
+    public Map<String, String> getAllInheritedNamespaces() {
+        return inheritedInScopeNamespaces;
+    }
+
+    public Map<String, String> getInScopeNamespaces() {
+        return inScopeNamespaces;
+    }
+
+    public MemTreeBuilder getCurrentDocumentBuilder() {
+        return documentBuilder;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String getInheritedPrefix(final String uri) {
         return inheritedInScopePrefixes == null ? null : inheritedInScopePrefixes.get(uri);

exist-core/src/main/java/org/exist/xquery/functions/fn/FunInScopePrefixes.java

@@ -154,25 +154,20 @@ public static Map<String, String> collectPrefixes(XQueryContext context, NodeVal
             Node node = nodeValue.getNode();
             if (context.preserveNamespaces()) {
                 //Horrible hacks to work-around bad in-scope NS : we reconstruct a NS context !
-                if (context.inheritNamespaces()) {
-                    //Grab ancestors' NS
-                    final Deque<Element> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();
-                    do {
-                        if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
-                            stack.add((Element) node);
-                        }
-                        node = node.getParentNode();
-                    } while (node != null && node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE);
-
-                    while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
-                        collectNamespacePrefixes(stack.pop(), prefixes);
-                    }
-
-                } else {
-                    //Grab self's NS
+                // Always traverse ancestors for in-memory nodes.
+                // When copy-namespaces no-inherit is active, pre-existing nodes (variable copies)
+                // carry explicit namespace undeclarations (xmlns:prefix="") so that ancestor
+                // namespace entries are neutralized by the cleanup pass below.
+                final Deque<Element> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();
+                do {
                     if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
-                        collectNamespacePrefixes((Element) node, prefixes);
+                        stack.add((Element) node);
                     }
+                    node = node.getParentNode();
+                } while (node != null && node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE);
+
+                while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
+                    collectNamespacePrefixes(stack.pop(), prefixes);
                 }
             } else {
                 if (context.inheritNamespaces()) {
@@ -192,17 +187,16 @@ public static Map<String, String> collectPrefixes(XQueryContext context, NodeVal
             }
         }
 
-        //clean up
-        String key = null;
-        String value = null;
-        for (final Entry<String, String> entry : prefixes.entrySet()) {
-            key = entry.getKey();
-            value = entry.getValue();
-
-            if ((key == null || key.isEmpty()) && (value == null || value.isEmpty())) {
-                prefixes.remove(key);
+        // clean up: remove namespace undeclarations (entries with empty URI).
+        // With copy-namespaces no-inherit, pre-existing nodes carry explicit undeclarations
+        // (xmlns:prefix="") that neutralize ancestor namespace bindings; those must not appear
+        // in the in-scope-prefixes() result.
+        final Iterator<Entry<String, String>> cleanupIt = prefixes.entrySet().iterator();
+        while (cleanupIt.hasNext()) {
+            final Entry<String, String> entry = cleanupIt.next();
+            if (entry.getValue() == null || entry.getValue().isEmpty()) {
+                cleanupIt.remove();
             }
-
         }
 
         return prefixes;