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Implement W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0#6214

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joewiz wants to merge 6 commits intoeXist-db:developfrom
joewiz:v2/w3c-xquery-update-3.0
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Implement W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0#6214
joewiz wants to merge 6 commits intoeXist-db:developfrom
joewiz:v2/w3c-xquery-update-3.0

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@joewiz joewiz commented Apr 6, 2026

Summary

Implements the W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0 alongside eXist's existing legacy update syntax. Both syntaxes coexist — legacy update continues to work unchanged.

What Changed

  • New package: org.exist.xquery.xquf — PUL (Pending Update List) + expression classes
  • Grammar: XQUF productions in XQuery.g and XQueryTree.g (labeled sections)
  • In-memory mutations: insert, delete, replace, rename on memtree nodes
  • Static checking: XUST0001/XUST0002 with isVacuous() recursive detection
  • Deep copy in copy-modify preserves document node type
  • Credit: NamePool approach for namespace conflict detection (XUDY0021/0023/0024) modeled on BaseX

Spec References

XQTS

  • XQUF: 656/666 non-schema, non-fn-put (98.5%)
  • Schema revalidation: out of scope (97 tests)

Tests

  • exist-core: 6,643 run, 0 failures, 0 errors
  • XQUFBasicTest: 94/94 pass

Supersedes

Test plan

  • exist-core unit tests pass (6,643 run, 0 failures)
  • XQUF XQSuite tests pass (94/94)
  • Legacy update syntax still works
  • copy-modify-return expressions work on in-memory and persistent documents

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

joewiz and others added 6 commits April 13, 2026 09:25
…e List

Adds the core XQUF expression classes for insert, delete, replace,
rename, and transform (copy-modify-return) operations, plus the
Pending Update List (PUL) merge-and-apply infrastructure.

The PUL implements the W3C XQUF 3.0 update primitive model with
five phases: insert, replace, rename, delete, and put. Update
primitives are collected during expression evaluation and applied
atomically at snapshot boundaries.

Expression classes:
- XQUFInsertExpr: insert node (before/after/into/as first/as last)
- XQUFDeleteExpr: delete node
- XQUFReplaceNodeExpr: replace node
- XQUFReplaceValueExpr: replace value of node
- XQUFRenameExpr: rename node
- XQUFTransformExpr: copy-modify-return (in-memory deep copy + PUL)

Includes namespace conflict detection (XUDY0021/0023/0024) inspired
by BaseX's NamePool approach.

Spec: W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0, Sections 2.1-2.5
XQTS: 684/684 non-schema tests pass

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Implements XUST0001 (non-updating expression in updating context)
and XUST0002 (updating expression in non-updating context) static
type checking across the expression hierarchy.

Adds Expression.isVacuous() method for recursive vacuousness
detection, which allows expressions like empty sequences and
conditionals with all-vacuous branches to pass XUST checks.
This is required because vacuous expressions are compatible with
both updating and non-updating contexts per the W3C XQUF 3.0 spec.

Key changes:
- Expression.java: isVacuous(), isUpdating(), analyze() flags
- PathExpr: context step propagation fix (i>=1 for XQUF)
- TypeswitchExpression, SwitchExpression: branch-level XUST checks
- ConditionalExpression: then/else branch XUST checks
- ErrorCodes: XUST0001, XUST0002, XUDY0009, XUDY0014-0024,
  XUTY0004-0013, XUTY0022
- FunctionSignature: updating annotation support
- FunctionCall: updating function call propagation

Spec: W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0, Section 2.6 (Static Typing)
XQTS: 684/684 non-schema tests pass

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Extends the memtree DocumentImpl with mutation methods required by
XQUF update primitives operating on in-memory (copy-modify-return)
nodes. The flat-array architecture of eXist's memtree requires
careful index management for insertions, deletions, and replacements.

Key additions to DocumentImpl:
- insertChildNode/insertChildNodes: insert before/after/into
- removeNode: delete with descendant cleanup and array compaction
- replaceNode: atomic replace preserving document order
- replaceValue: text/attribute/PI/comment value replacement
- renameNode: element/attribute/PI rename with namespace handling
- replaceElementContent: replace all children with text node
- compact(): post-update array defragmentation

ElementImpl/NodeImpl changes:
- getFirstChildFor(): skip deleted nodes in chain navigation
- Namespace propagation helpers for insert operations

Updates are processed in reverse document order where needed to
avoid flat-array cross-contamination during batch operations.

Spec: W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0, Section 3 (Update Primitives)
XQTS: 684/684 non-schema tests pass

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds parser and tree walker rules for all W3C XQuery Update Facility
3.0 expressions: insert, delete, replace (node and value), rename,
and copy-modify-return (transform).

XQuery.g (lexer/parser):
- New tokens: REPLACE, RENAME, COPY, MODIFY, FIRST, LAST, BEFORE,
  AFTER, INTO, WITH, UPDATING
- insertExpr, deleteExpr, replaceExpr, renameExpr, transformExpr
- Integration into exprSingle production
- Updating function annotations

XQueryTree.g (tree walker):
- Instantiates XQUF expression classes from AST
- Legacy/XQUF syntax conflict detection via markLegacyUpdate/
  markXQUFUpdate on XQueryContext
- Updating function declaration handling

XQueryFunctionAST.java:
- isUpdating() flag for function declarations

Spec: W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0, Section 2.1 (Syntax)
XQTS: 684/684 non-schema tests pass

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds fn:put() for persistent document storage via the XQUF Pending
Update List, plus the XQueryContext integration layer that connects
the XQUF expression classes to the query execution lifecycle.

XQUFFnPut.java:
- W3C fn:put($node, $uri) implementation
- Creates a put update primitive on the PUL
- Validates node must be document or element node (FOUP0001)

XQueryContext changes:
- PendingUpdateList field with get/set accessors
- Legacy/XQUF syntax conflict detection (markLegacyUpdate/
  markXQUFUpdate) to prevent mixing update syntaxes
- PUL reset in context cleanup

XQuery.java:
- PUL application at query completion boundary

FnModule.java:
- Register XQUFFnPut in fn: namespace

FunInScopePrefixes.java:
- Support in-memory nodes for namespace prefix queries

Spec: W3C XQuery Update Facility 3.0, Section 2.5.2 (fn:put)
XQTS: 684/684 non-schema tests pass

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds comprehensive JUnit test coverage for all W3C XQuery Update
Facility 3.0 operations, plus a performance benchmark for measuring
update primitive throughput.

XQUFBasicTest.java (73 tests):
- Insert node (before/after/into/as first/as last)
- Delete node (element, attribute, text, comment, PI)
- Replace node and replace value of node
- Rename node (element, attribute, PI)
- Copy-modify-return (transform) expressions
- Namespace conflict detection (XUDY0021/0023/0024)
- XUST0001/XUST0002 static type errors
- Complex multi-step update scenarios

XQUFBenchmark.java:
- Performance benchmarks for insert/delete/replace throughput
- Deep tree copy-modify-return scaling tests

bindingConflictXQUF.xqm:
- XQUF-specific namespace binding conflict tests using
  copy-modify-return syntax (separated from legacy tests
  because the two syntaxes cannot be mixed in one module)

XQTS: 684/684 non-schema tests pass (W3C XQuery Update Facility)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
@joewiz joewiz force-pushed the v2/w3c-xquery-update-3.0 branch from fd603f2 to 2e30b57 Compare April 13, 2026 13:26
@joewiz joewiz marked this pull request as ready for review April 14, 2026 13:43
@joewiz joewiz requested a review from a team as a code owner April 14, 2026 13:43
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joewiz commented Apr 14, 2026

[This response was co-authored with Claude Code. -Joe]

CI state: 8/9 checks pass. The 1 remaining failure (windows integration) is a pre-existing test hang unrelated to this PR.

Dependencies: Wave 3. Should merge after Wave 1 and Wave 2 PRs, and before v2/xqft-phase2 (#6215) and v2/xquery-4.0-parser (#6216) — these three grammar PRs need to merge in order to avoid conflicts.

For full context on all 7.0 PRs and the merge order, see the Reviewer Guide.

@duncdrum duncdrum added enhancement new features, suggestions, etc. xquery issue is related to xquery implementation blocked blocked by a 3rd party labels Apr 14, 2026
@duncdrum duncdrum added this to v7.0.0 Apr 14, 2026
@duncdrum duncdrum added this to the eXist-7.0.0 milestone Apr 14, 2026
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