diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts
index 0dcd4645745d85..715ef239e4d939 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts
@@ -1319,6 +1319,64 @@ describe('resolveConfig', () => {
     }
   })
 
+  // https://github.com/vitejs/vite/issues/23383
+  test('preserves Windows input paths with glob-special segment names', async () => {
+    const cases: {
+      name: string
+      input: UserConfig['input']
+      expected: UserConfig['input']
+    }[] = [
+      ...(isWindows
+        ? [
+            {
+              name: 'segment starting with @',
+              input: 'D:\\desk\\test\\@src\\whatever.html',
+              expected: 'D:\\desk\\test\\@src\\whatever.html',
+            },
+            {
+              name: 'segment starting with !',
+              input: 'D:\\desk\\test\\!notes\\page.html',
+              expected: 'D:\\desk\\test\\!notes\\page.html',
+            },
+            {
+              name: 'segment starting with +',
+              input: 'D:\\desk\\test\\+draft\\page.html',
+              expected: 'D:\\desk\\test\\+draft\\page.html',
+            },
+            {
+              name: 'segment starting with (',
+              input: 'D:\\desk\\test\\(draft)\\page.html',
+              expected: 'D:\\desk\\test\\(draft)\\page.html',
+            },
+            {
+              name: 'segment starting with [',
+              input: 'D:\\desk\\test\\[id]\\page.html',
+              expected: 'D:\\desk\\test\\[id]\\page.html',
+            },
+            {
+              name: 'relative path',
+              input: 'test\\@src\\whatever.html',
+              expected: 'test\\@src\\whatever.html',
+            },
+            {
+              name: 'escaped glob on windows',
+              input: 'D:/desk/test/\\[id]\\page.html',
+              expected: 'D:/desk/test/[id]\\page.html',
+            },
+          ]
+        : []),
+    ]
+
+    for (const { name, input, expected } of cases) {
+      await expect(
+        resolveConfig({ input }, 'serve'),
+        name,
+      ).resolves.toMatchObject({
+        input: expected,
+      })
+    }
+  })
+
   test('allows non-glob special characters in input', async () => {
     const cases: {
       name: string
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/config.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/config.ts
index e350b1c3e82d76..5f195eaa15d613 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/config.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/config.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import {
   createImportMetaResolver,
   importMetaResolveWithCustomHookString,
 } from '../module-runner/importMetaResolver'
-import { withTrailingSlash } from '../shared/utils'
+import { withTrailingSlash, isWindows } from '../shared/utils'
 import type { AnymatchFn } from '../types/anymatch'
 import type { HtmlAssetSource } from './assetSource'
 import { PartialEnvironment } from './baseEnvironment'
@@ -945,10 +945,14 @@ function normalizeInput(
   return resolved
 }
 
-const escapedGlobCharactersRE = /\\([*?[\]{}()!+@|])/g
+const escapedGlobCharactersRE = /\\([*?[\]{}()|]|[@+!](?=\())/g
+function hasUnescapedGlob(value: string): boolean {
+  return isDynamicPattern(value.replace(escapedGlobCharactersRE, ''))
+}
 
 function unescapeGlobCharacters(value: string): string {
-  if (isDynamicPattern(value)) {
+  if (isWindows) return value
+  if (hasUnescapedGlob(value)) {
     // so that it could later be changed to accept globs without a breaking change
     throw new Error(
       `\`input\` cannot contain glob characters. They are reserved, ` +