diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index e5390bb32f579f..eb6ae07f5f9705 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ node_modules
 !**/glob-import/root/dir/node_modules
 !**/fixtures/glob-exports/node_modules
 !**/fixtures/glob-exports/node_modules/my-pkg/dist
+!**/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-bare/node_modules
+!**/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/node_modules
 playground-temp
 temp
 TODOs.md
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts
index 589602dc0df54d..58fdeeedf5bef2 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/config.spec.ts
@@ -1728,6 +1728,32 @@ describe('loadConfigFromFile', () => {
       expect(await loadWithWarnings('json-ok')).toHaveLength(0)
     })
 
+    test('warns on named import from JSON module', async () => {
+      const messages = await loadWithWarnings('json-named-import')
+      expect(messages).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        [
+          "(!) Your Vite config uses features that are unsupported by \`configLoader: 'native'\`, which is planned to become the default in a future major version of Vite:
+          - named import from JSON module "./data.json" (vite.config.js:1:10). JSON modules only provide a default export per spec. Use the default import and access the property
+        Set \`VITE_CONFIG_NATIVE_IGNORE_WARNING=true\` to suppress this warning.",
+        ]
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('warns on named import from a bare JSON specifier', async () => {
+      const messages = await loadWithWarnings('json-named-import-bare')
+      expect(messages).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        [
+          "(!) Your Vite config uses features that are unsupported by \`configLoader: 'native'\`, which is planned to become the default in a future major version of Vite:
+          - named import from JSON module "some-pkg/package.json" (vite.config.js:1:10). JSON modules only provide a default export per spec. Use the default import and access the property
+        Set \`VITE_CONFIG_NATIVE_IGNORE_WARNING=true\` to suppress this warning.",
+        ]
+      `)
+    })
+
+    test('does not warn on JSON default imports (`default as` included)', async () => {
+      expect(await loadWithWarnings('json-named-import-ok')).toHaveLength(0)
+    })
+
     test('warns on an extension-less import that resolves to JSON', async () => {
       const messages = await loadWithWarnings('json-extensionless')
       expect(messages).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-bare/node_modules/some-pkg/package.json b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-bare/node_modules/some-pkg/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..16b2018255024a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-bare/node_modules/some-pkg/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "name": "some-pkg",
+  "version": "1.0.0"
+}
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-bare/vite.config.js b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-bare/vite.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..78537a5a64beec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-bare/vite.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import { version } from 'some-pkg/package.json' with { type: 'json' }
+
+export default { define: { VERSION: JSON.stringify(version) } }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/data.json b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/data.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..012d571881352f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/data.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "version": "1.0.0" }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/node_modules/some-pkg/package.json b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/node_modules/some-pkg/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..16b2018255024a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/node_modules/some-pkg/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "name": "some-pkg",
+  "version": "1.0.0"
+}
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/vite.config.js b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/vite.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..98db49c38132e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import-ok/vite.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import somePkg from 'some-pkg/package.json' with { type: 'json' }
+import data, { default as dataAlias } from './data.json' with { type: 'json' }
+
+export default {
+  define: {
+    VERSION: JSON.stringify(data.version + dataAlias.version + somePkg.version),
+  },
+}
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import/data.json b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import/data.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..012d571881352f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import/data.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "version": "1.0.0" }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import/vite.config.js b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import/vite.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..e4906dc1c1d03b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/fixtures/config/native-compat/json-named-import/vite.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import { version } from './data.json' with { type: 'json' }
+
+export default { define: { VERSION: JSON.stringify(version) } }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/nativeConfigCompat.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/nativeConfigCompat.ts
index 744968a0bbbd37..0bbef4afbabbaf 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/nativeConfigCompat.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/nativeConfigCompat.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ export type NativeConfigIncompatibilityType =
   | 'extensionless-import'
   | 'directory-index-import'
   | 'json-without-attributes'
+  | 'json-named-import'
   | 'esm-syntax-in-cjs'
 
 export interface NativeConfigIncompatibility {
@@ -31,6 +32,8 @@ export interface ConfigImportRef {
   line: number
   column: number
   hasTypeJsonAttribute: boolean
+  /** position of the first non-default named binding */
+  namedImportLoc?: { line: number; column: number }
 }
 
 const jsTsExtRE = /\.[cm]?[jt]sx?$/
@@ -56,14 +59,36 @@ export function classifyImportRef(
   const base = { file, line, column, specifier }
 
   if (specifier.endsWith('.json')) {
-    if (ref.hasTypeJsonAttribute) return undefined
-    return { type: 'json-without-attributes', ...base }
+    if (!ref.hasTypeJsonAttribute) {
+      return { type: 'json-without-attributes', ...base }
+    }
+    if (ref.namedImportLoc) {
+      return {
+        type: 'json-named-import',
+        file,
+        line: ref.namedImportLoc.line,
+        column: ref.namedImportLoc.column,
+        specifier,
+      }
+    }
+    return undefined
   }
 
   if (!resolvedId) return undefined
 
-  if (resolvedId.endsWith('.json') && !ref.hasTypeJsonAttribute) {
-    return { type: 'json-without-attributes', ...base }
+  if (resolvedId.endsWith('.json')) {
+    if (!ref.hasTypeJsonAttribute) {
+      return { type: 'json-without-attributes', ...base }
+    }
+    if (ref.namedImportLoc) {
+      return {
+        type: 'json-named-import',
+        file,
+        line: ref.namedImportLoc.line,
+        column: ref.namedImportLoc.column,
+        specifier,
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   const lastSegment = lastSegmentOf(specifier)
@@ -89,6 +114,24 @@ const hasTypeJson = (
     return key === 'type' && attr.value?.value === 'json'
   })
 
+const findNonDefaultNamedBinding = (
+  specifiers: ESTree.Node[],
+): ESTree.Node | undefined =>
+  specifiers.find((s) => {
+    if (s.type === 'ImportSpecifier') {
+      return !isDefaultModuleExportName(s.imported)
+    }
+    if (s.type === 'ExportSpecifier') {
+      return !isDefaultModuleExportName(s.local)
+    }
+    return false
+  })
+
+const isDefaultModuleExportName = (node: ESTree.ModuleExportName): boolean =>
+  node.type === 'Identifier'
+    ? node.name === 'default'
+    : node.value === 'default'
+
 const DIRNAME_FILENAME = {
   __dirname: 'dirname',
   __filename: 'filename',
@@ -104,14 +147,23 @@ export function analyzeConfigModuleReferences(
   const addImportRef = (
     source: ESTree.StringLiteral,
     hasTypeJsonAttribute: boolean,
+    namedBinding: ESTree.Node | undefined,
   ): void => {
-    if (!isPathSpecifier(source.value)) return
+    // bare specifiers are skipped except for the JSON checks, which classify
+    // from the specifier alone (`vue/package.json` etc.)
+    if (!isPathSpecifier(source.value) && !source.value.endsWith('.json')) {
+      return
+    }
     const { line, column } = numberToPos(code, source.start)
+    const namedImportLoc = namedBinding
+      ? numberToPos(code, namedBinding.start)
+      : undefined
     imports.push({
       specifier: source.value,
       line,
       column,
       hasTypeJsonAttribute,
+      namedImportLoc,
     })
   }
 
@@ -120,12 +172,22 @@ export function analyzeConfigModuleReferences(
       const node = _node as ESTree.Node
       switch (node.type) {
         case 'ImportDeclaration':
-          addImportRef(node.source, hasTypeJson(node.attributes))
+          addImportRef(
+            node.source,
+            hasTypeJson(node.attributes),
+            findNonDefaultNamedBinding(node.specifiers),
+          )
           break
         case 'ExportNamedDeclaration':
         case 'ExportAllDeclaration':
           if (node.source)
-            addImportRef(node.source, hasTypeJson(node.attributes))
+            addImportRef(
+              node.source,
+              hasTypeJson(node.attributes),
+              node.type === 'ExportNamedDeclaration'
+                ? findNonDefaultNamedBinding(node.specifiers)
+                : undefined,
+            )
           break
         case 'ImportExpression':
           if (
@@ -133,7 +195,7 @@ export function analyzeConfigModuleReferences(
             typeof node.source.value === 'string'
           ) {
             // if a second (options) arg is present, assume the required attributes is set
-            addImportRef(node.source, node.options != null)
+            addImportRef(node.source, node.options != null, undefined)
           }
           break
       }
@@ -194,6 +256,8 @@ function describeIncompatibility(
       return item.specifier?.endsWith('.json')
         ? `JSON import "${item.specifier}" without import attributes (${loc}). Add \`with { type: 'json' }\``
         : `import "${item.specifier}" resolves to a JSON file (${loc}). Import it with a \`.json\` extension and \`with { type: 'json' }\``
+    case 'json-named-import':
+      return `named import from JSON module "${item.specifier}" (${loc}). JSON modules only provide a default export per spec. Use the default import and access the property`
     case 'esm-syntax-in-cjs':
       return `ESM syntax in a file loaded as CommonJS (${loc}). Use a \`.mjs\` extension or set \`"type": "module"\` in the closest package.json`
   }