diff --git a/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token.go b/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token.go
index 6fc5865cff..05478cb6dd 100644
--- a/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token.go
+++ b/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func (h *Handler) TokenHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 			server.ErrInvalidTarget.WithHint("Multiple resource parameters are not supported"))
 		return
 	}
-	if len(resources) == 1 {
+	if len(resources) == 1 && resources[0] != "" {
 		resource := resources[0]
 		// Validate URI format per RFC 8707
 		if err := server.ValidateAudienceURI(resource); err != nil {
@@ -75,6 +75,17 @@ func (h *Handler) TokenHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 			"resource", resource,
 		)
 		accessRequest.GrantAudience(resource)
+	} else if accessRequest.GetGrantTypes().ExactOne("authorization_code") && len(h.config.AllowedAudiences) == 1 {
+		// No resource parameter provided (or provided as empty) during an authorization_code
+		// exchange; default to the sole allowed audience. The len == 1 guard makes the
+		// intended audience unambiguous and the index access safe. We restrict this defaulting
+		// to authorization_code grants: for refresh_token grants, fosite already carries the
+		// originally-granted audience forward through the session, so re-granting here would
+		// conflict with fosite's audience matching strategy.
+		slog.Debug("no resource parameter, defaulting to sole allowed audience",
+			"audience", h.config.AllowedAudiences[0],
+		)
+		accessRequest.GrantAudience(h.config.AllowedAudiences[0])
 	}
 
 	// Generate the access response (tokens)
diff --git a/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token_test.go b/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token_test.go
index 84cee335ca..df4e9b7c9c 100644
--- a/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token_test.go
+++ b/pkg/authserver/server/handlers/token_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package handlers
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"net/url"
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4"
+	josejwt "github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4/jwt"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
@@ -173,35 +176,78 @@ func TestTokenHandler_Success(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, body, "expires_in")
 }
 
-func TestTokenHandler_ResourceParameter(t *testing.T) {
+func TestTokenHandler_AudienceClaim(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	handler, storState, _ := handlerTestSetup(t)
-
-	// Simulate authorize flow
-	authorizeCode := simulateAuthorizeFlow(t, handler, storState)
 
-	// Exchange code with RFC 8707 resource parameter
-	form := url.Values{
-		"grant_type":    {"authorization_code"},
-		"client_id":     {testAuthClientID},
-		"redirect_uri":  {testAuthRedirectURI},
-		"code":          {authorizeCode},
-		"code_verifier": {testPKCEVerifier},
-		"resource":      {"https://api.example.com"},
+	// ptr is a helper to take the address of a string literal.
+	ptr := func(s string) *string { return &s }
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		resource *string // nil = omit parameter; non-nil = include (possibly empty)
+		wantAud  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "explicit resource grants matching audience",
+			resource: ptr("https://api.example.com"),
+			wantAud:  "https://api.example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "absent resource defaults to sole AllowedAudience",
+			resource: nil,
+			wantAud:  "https://api.example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "explicit empty resource defaults to sole AllowedAudience",
+			resource: ptr(""),
+			wantAud:  "https://api.example.com",
+		},
 	}
-	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/oauth/token", strings.NewReader(form.Encode()))
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
-	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
 
-	handler.TokenHandler(rec, req)
-
-	require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, rec.Code, "expected 200 OK, got %d: %s", rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
-
-	// The resource parameter should be granted as audience in the JWT
-	// We can't easily verify the JWT contents here without decoding,
-	// but we verify the request succeeded
-	body := rec.Body.String()
-	assert.Contains(t, body, "access_token")
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			handler, storState, _ := handlerTestSetup(t)
+			authorizeCode := simulateAuthorizeFlow(t, handler, storState)
+
+			form := url.Values{
+				"grant_type":    {"authorization_code"},
+				"client_id":     {testAuthClientID},
+				"redirect_uri":  {testAuthRedirectURI},
+				"code":          {authorizeCode},
+				"code_verifier": {testPKCEVerifier},
+			}
+			if tc.resource != nil {
+				form.Set("resource", *tc.resource)
+			}
+
+			req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/oauth/token", strings.NewReader(form.Encode()))
+			req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+			rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+			handler.TokenHandler(rec, req)
+
+			require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, rec.Code, "got %d: %s", rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+
+			var tokenResp map[string]any
+			require.NoError(t, json.NewDecoder(rec.Body).Decode(&tokenResp))
+
+			accessToken, ok := tokenResp["access_token"].(string)
+			require.True(t, ok, "access_token should be a string")
+			require.NotEmpty(t, accessToken)
+
+			parsedToken, err := josejwt.ParseSigned(accessToken, []jose.SignatureAlgorithm{jose.RS256})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			var claims map[string]any
+			require.NoError(t, parsedToken.UnsafeClaimsWithoutVerification(&claims))
+
+			aud, ok := claims["aud"].([]any)
+			require.True(t, ok, "aud claim should be an array, got: %T %v", claims["aud"], claims["aud"])
+			require.Len(t, aud, 1)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.wantAud, aud[0])
+		})
+	}
 }
 
 func TestTokenHandler_RouteRegistered(t *testing.T) {