diff --git a/pandas/io/pytables.py b/pandas/io/pytables.py
index 03da842157e1e..04a7089b95230 100644
--- a/pandas/io/pytables.py
+++ b/pandas/io/pytables.py
@@ -144,8 +144,13 @@
 
     from pandas.core.internals import Block
 
-# versioning attribute
-_version = "0.15.2"
+
+def _get_pandas_version() -> str:
+    """Return the actual installed pandas version for the pandas_version attr."""
+    from pandas import __version__
+
+    return __version__
+
 
 # encoding
 _default_encoding = "UTF-8"
@@ -2969,9 +2974,12 @@ def version(self) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
         """compute and set our version"""
         version = getattr(self.group._v_attrs, "pandas_version", None)
         if isinstance(version, str):
-            version_tup = tuple(int(x) for x in version.split("."))
-            if len(version_tup) == 2:
-                version_tup = (*version_tup, 0)
+            # Tolerate non-numeric trailing components (e.g. "3.0.0.dev0+abc"
+            # or "2.3.3rc1"); extract up to the first three numeric pieces.
+            nums = re.findall(r"\d+", version)[:3]
+            version_tup = tuple(int(x) for x in nums)
+            if len(version_tup) < 3:
+                version_tup = (*version_tup, *([0] * (3 - len(version_tup))))
             assert len(version_tup) == 3  # needed for mypy
             return version_tup
         else:
@@ -2995,7 +3003,7 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
     def set_object_info(self) -> None:
         """set my pandas type & version"""
         self.attrs.pandas_type = str(self.pandas_kind)
-        self.attrs.pandas_version = str(_version)
+        self.attrs.pandas_version = _get_pandas_version()
 
     def copy(self) -> Fixed:
         new_self = copy.copy(self)
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_store.py b/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_store.py
index 840a1088eda0e..48b0c8a4e1375 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_store.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/pytables/test_store.py
@@ -222,9 +222,10 @@ def test_versioning(temp_hdfstore):
     )
     store.append("df1", df[:10])
     store.append("df1", df[10:])
-    assert store.root.a._v_attrs.pandas_version == "0.15.2"
-    assert store.root.b._v_attrs.pandas_version == "0.15.2"
-    assert store.root.df1._v_attrs.pandas_version == "0.15.2"
+    # GH#62792 - pandas_version reflects the actual installed pandas version
+    assert store.root.a._v_attrs.pandas_version == pd.__version__
+    assert store.root.b._v_attrs.pandas_version == pd.__version__
+    assert store.root.df1._v_attrs.pandas_version == pd.__version__
 
     # write a file and wipe its versioning
     store.append("df2", df)