diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 8862d9d..d76f6fb 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -107,4 +107,5 @@ Alternatively, add `lingui` to the plugins section, and configure the rules you
 - [text-restrictions](docs/rules/text-restrictions.md)
 - [consistent-plural-format](docs/rules/consistent-plural-format.md)
 - [no-plural-inside-trans](docs/rules/no-plural-inside-trans.md)
+- [require-explicit-comment](docs/rules/require-explicit-comment.md)
 - [require-explicit-id](docs/rules/require-explicit-id.md)
diff --git a/docs/rules/require-explicit-comment.md b/docs/rules/require-explicit-comment.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c1969e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/rules/require-explicit-comment.md
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# require-explicit-comment
+
+Enforce that Lingui message declarations provide an explicit `comment` for translators, unless `context` is already provided.
+
+Translator comments improve translation quality by giving additional intent about where and how a string is used.
+
+Tagged template literals (`` t`Hello` ``) don't support `comment` - use the function call form instead.
+
+```jsx
+// nope ⛔️
+<Trans>Hello</Trans>
+<Plural value={count} one="# Book" other="# Books" />
+t`Hello`
+t({ message: "Hello" })
+
+// ok ✅
+<Trans comment="Homepage greeting">Hello</Trans>
+<Plural value={count} one="# Book" other="# Books" comment="Book count label" />
+<Select value={gender} _male="His book" _female="Her book" other="Their book" comment="Possessive pronoun" />
+<SelectOrdinal value={count} one="#st" two="#nd" few="#rd" other="#th" comment="Ordinal suffix" />
+t({ comment: "Homepage greeting", message: "Hello" })
+
+// also ok ✅ (context exempts comment)
+<Trans context="homepage">Hello</Trans>
+t({ context: "homepage", message: "Hello" })
+```
+
+## What this rule checks
+
+- `t({...})`, `msg({...})`, `defineMessage({...})`:
+  - require `comment` if `context` is not present
+- `<Trans />`, `<Plural />`, `<Select />`, `<SelectOrdinal />`:
+  - require `comment` prop if `context` prop is not present
+- `` t`...` ``, `` msg`...` ``, `` defineMessage`...` ``:
+  - always invalid because tagged template form cannot carry `comment`
+
+## Notes
+
+- `comment` validation is presence-only: any value type is accepted (including expressions).
diff --git a/src/helpers.ts b/src/helpers.ts
index f50d8af..af87523 100644
--- a/src/helpers.ts
+++ b/src/helpers.ts
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ export const LinguiCallExpressionPluralQuery = 'CallExpression[callee.name=plura
 
 export const LinguiPluralComponentQuery = 'JSXElement[openingElement.name.name=Plural]'
 
+export const LinguiSelectComponentQuery = 'JSXElement[openingElement.name.name=Select]'
+
+export const LinguiSelectOrdinalComponentQuery =
+  'JSXElement[openingElement.name.name=SelectOrdinal]'
+
 export function isNativeDOMTag(str: string) {
   return DOM_TAGS.includes(str)
 }
diff --git a/src/index.ts b/src/index.ts
index ea53a81..c4aa1ba 100644
--- a/src/index.ts
+++ b/src/index.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import * as noTransInsideTransRule from './rules/no-trans-inside-trans'
 import * as consistentPluralFormatRule from './rules/consistent-plural-format'
 import * as noPluralInsideTransRule from './rules/no-plural-inside-trans'
 import * as requireExplicitIdRule from './rules/require-explicit-id'
+import * as requireExplicitCommentRule from './rules/require-explicit-comment'
 
 import { ESLint, Linter } from 'eslint'
 import { FlatConfig, RuleModule } from '@typescript-eslint/utils/ts-eslint'
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ const rules = {
   [consistentPluralFormatRule.name]: consistentPluralFormatRule.rule,
   [noPluralInsideTransRule.name]: noPluralInsideTransRule.rule,
   [requireExplicitIdRule.name]: requireExplicitIdRule.rule,
+  [requireExplicitCommentRule.name]: requireExplicitCommentRule.rule,
 }
 
 type RuleKey = keyof typeof rules
diff --git a/src/rules/require-explicit-comment.ts b/src/rules/require-explicit-comment.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f549688
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rules/require-explicit-comment.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+import { TSESTree } from '@typescript-eslint/utils'
+import { createRule } from '../create-rule'
+import {
+  LinguiCallExpressionQuery,
+  LinguiPluralComponentQuery,
+  LinguiSelectComponentQuery,
+  LinguiSelectOrdinalComponentQuery,
+  LinguiTaggedTemplateExpressionMessageQuery,
+  LinguiTransQuery,
+} from '../helpers'
+
+export const name = 'require-explicit-comment'
+export const rule = createRule<[], string>({
+  name,
+  meta: {
+    docs: {
+      description:
+        "enforce 'comment' property or attribute for Lingui macros, unless 'context' is provided",
+      recommended: 'error',
+    },
+    messages: {
+      missingCommentJsx:
+        '{{ component }} requires an explicit `comment` prop when `context` is absent',
+      missingCommentCall:
+        "Macro function call requires an explicit 'comment' property when 'context' is absent",
+      noCommentInTaggedTemplate:
+        "Tagged template literal doesn't support 'comment'. Use {{ fn }}({ comment: '...', message: '...' }) or provide `context` instead",
+    },
+    schema: [],
+    type: 'problem' as const,
+  },
+
+  defaultOptions: [],
+
+  create: function (context) {
+    const getJSXProp = (node: TSESTree.JSXElement, propName: string) =>
+      node.openingElement.attributes.find(
+        (attr): attr is TSESTree.JSXAttribute =>
+          attr.type === TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.JSXAttribute &&
+          attr.name.type === TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.JSXIdentifier &&
+          attr.name.name === propName,
+      )
+
+    const getObjectProp = (node: TSESTree.ObjectExpression, propName: string) =>
+      node.properties.find(
+        (prop): prop is TSESTree.Property =>
+          prop.type === TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.Property &&
+          ((prop.key.type === TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.Identifier && prop.key.name === propName) ||
+            (prop.key.type === TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.Literal && prop.key.value === propName)),
+      )
+
+    const checkJSXComment = (node: TSESTree.JSXElement) => {
+      const hasContext = Boolean(getJSXProp(node, 'context'))
+      if (hasContext) {
+        return
+      }
+
+      const hasComment = Boolean(getJSXProp(node, 'comment'))
+      if (hasComment) {
+        return
+      }
+
+      const component =
+        node.openingElement.name.type === TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.JSXIdentifier
+          ? node.openingElement.name.name
+          : 'Component'
+
+      context.report({
+        node,
+        messageId: 'missingCommentJsx',
+        data: { component },
+      })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      [LinguiTransQuery](node: TSESTree.JSXElement) {
+        checkJSXComment(node)
+      },
+
+      [LinguiPluralComponentQuery](node: TSESTree.JSXElement) {
+        checkJSXComment(node)
+      },
+
+      [LinguiSelectComponentQuery](node: TSESTree.JSXElement) {
+        checkJSXComment(node)
+      },
+
+      [LinguiSelectOrdinalComponentQuery](node: TSESTree.JSXElement) {
+        checkJSXComment(node)
+      },
+
+      [LinguiTaggedTemplateExpressionMessageQuery](node: TSESTree.TemplateLiteral) {
+        const parent = node.parent as TSESTree.TaggedTemplateExpression
+        const fn =
+          parent.tag.type === TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.Identifier ? parent.tag.name : 'function'
+
+        context.report({
+          node: parent,
+          messageId: 'noCommentInTaggedTemplate',
+          data: { fn },
+        })
+      },
+
+      [LinguiCallExpressionQuery](node: TSESTree.CallExpression) {
+        const arg = node.arguments[0]
+
+        if (!arg || arg.type !== TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.ObjectExpression) {
+          return
+        }
+
+        const hasContext = Boolean(getObjectProp(arg, 'context'))
+        if (hasContext) {
+          return
+        }
+
+        const hasComment = Boolean(getObjectProp(arg, 'comment'))
+        if (hasComment) {
+          return
+        }
+
+        context.report({
+          node,
+          messageId: 'missingCommentCall',
+        })
+      },
+    }
+  },
+})
diff --git a/tests/src/rules/require-explicit-comment.test.ts b/tests/src/rules/require-explicit-comment.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37fad39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/rules/require-explicit-comment.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+import { rule, name } from '../../../src/rules/require-explicit-comment'
+import { RuleTester } from '@typescript-eslint/rule-tester'
+
+describe('', () => {})
+
+const ruleTester = new RuleTester({
+  languageOptions: {
+    parserOptions: {
+      ecmaFeatures: {
+        jsx: true,
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
+
+ruleTester.run(name, rule, {
+  valid: [
+    // Call expressions with explicit comment
+    {
+      code: 't({ comment: "Greeting", message: "Hello" })',
+    },
+    {
+      code: 'msg({ comment: "Greeting", message: "Hello" })',
+    },
+    {
+      code: 'defineMessage({ comment: "Greeting", message: "Hello" })',
+    },
+    // Presence-only: non-literal comment values are accepted
+    {
+      code: 't({ comment: commentHint, message: "Hello" })',
+    },
+    {
+      code: 't({ comment: getHint(), message: "Hello" })',
+    },
+    // context allows omitting comment
+    {
+      code: 't({ context: "homepage", message: "Hello" })',
+    },
+    {
+      code: 'defineMessage({ context: "navigation.link", message: "About us" })',
+    },
+    // non-object and no-arg calls are intentionally ignored
+    {
+      code: 't()',
+    },
+    {
+      code: 't("Hello")',
+    },
+
+    // Trans and React macros with explicit comment
+    {
+      code: '<Trans comment="Greeting">Hello</Trans>',
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<Plural value={count} one="# Book" other="# Books" comment="Book count" />',
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<Select value={gender} _male="His book" _female="Her book" other="Their book" comment="Possessive pronoun" />',
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<SelectOrdinal value={count} one="#st" two="#nd" few="#rd" other="#th" comment="Ordinal suffix" />',
+    },
+    // Presence-only: non-literal JSX comment values are accepted
+    {
+      code: '<Trans comment={commentHint}>Hello</Trans>',
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<Plural value={count} one="# Book" other="# Books" comment={getHint()} />',
+    },
+    // context allows omitting comment in JSX macros
+    {
+      code: '<Trans context="homepage">Hello</Trans>',
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<Plural value={count} one="# Book" other="# Books" context="book.counter" />',
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<Select value={gender} _male="His book" _female="Her book" other="Their book" context="profile.possessive" />',
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<SelectOrdinal value={count} one="#st" two="#nd" few="#rd" other="#th" context="ordinal.short" />',
+    },
+  ],
+  invalid: [
+    // Tagged template literals must switch to object form for comment/context
+    {
+      code: 't`Hello`',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'noCommentInTaggedTemplate' }],
+    },
+    {
+      code: 'msg`Hello`',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'noCommentInTaggedTemplate' }],
+    },
+    {
+      code: 'defineMessage`Hello`',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'noCommentInTaggedTemplate' }],
+    },
+
+    // Call expressions missing both comment and context
+    {
+      code: 't({ message: "Hello" })',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'missingCommentCall' }],
+    },
+    {
+      code: 'msg({ id: "msg.hello", message: "Hello" })',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'missingCommentCall' }],
+    },
+    {
+      code: 'defineMessage({ id: "msg.hello", message: "Hello" })',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'missingCommentCall' }],
+    },
+
+    // JSX macros missing both comment and context
+    {
+      code: '<Trans>Hello</Trans>',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'missingCommentJsx' }],
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<Plural value={count} one="# Book" other="# Books" />',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'missingCommentJsx' }],
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<Select value={gender} _male="His book" _female="Her book" other="Their book" />',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'missingCommentJsx' }],
+    },
+    {
+      code: '<SelectOrdinal value={count} one="#st" two="#nd" few="#rd" other="#th" />',
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'missingCommentJsx' }],
+    },
+  ],
+})