diff --git a/docs.openc3.com/docs/guides/scripting-api.md b/docs.openc3.com/docs/guides/scripting-api.md
index b1fc52f5fc..3c666fdcac 100644
--- a/docs.openc3.com/docs/guides/scripting-api.md
+++ b/docs.openc3.com/docs/guides/scripting-api.md
@@ -840,6 +840,19 @@ cmd("<Target Name>", "<Command Name>", "Param #1 Name" => <Param #1 Value>, "Par
 | timeout        | Optional named parameter to change the default timeout value of 5 seconds                            |
 | log_message    | Optional named parameter to prevent logging of the command                                           |
 | validate       | Optional named parameter to enable/disable validation (default is True)                              |
+| extra          | Optional metadata Hash/dict carried with the command packet to the interface                         |
+
+The `extra` keys `cmd_string`, `username`, `interface_name`, `queue_username`, `approver`,
+`cmd_success`, and `cmd_reason` are reserved for COSMOS audit data. Caller-supplied values for
+these keys are discarded or replaced by authoritative values as the command is processed.
+
+Keys that a packet's accessor writes into `extra` are also reserved. HTTP targets are the
+common case: `HTTP_PATH`, `HTTP_METHOD`, `HTTP_STATUS`, `HTTP_PACKET`, `HTTP_ERROR_PACKET`,
+`HTTP_HEADERS` and `HTTP_QUERIES` come from the command definition and always win over
+caller-supplied values, so `extra` cannot redirect the request an interface makes.
+
+`extra` is written to the command log, the command topics and the queue exactly as given.
+It is not obfuscated, so don't put secrets in it.
 
 <Tabs groupId="script-language">
 <TabItem value="python" label="Python Example">
@@ -848,6 +861,7 @@ cmd("<Target Name>", "<Command Name>", "Param #1 Name" => <Param #1 Value>, "Par
 cmd("INST COLLECT with DURATION 10, TYPE NORMAL")
 cmd("INST", "COLLECT", { "DURATION": 10, "TYPE": "NORMAL" })
 cmd("INST ABORT", timeout=10, log_message=False, validate=False)
+cmd("INST ABORT", extra={ "request_id": "1234-5678" })
 ```
 
 </TabItem>
@@ -860,6 +874,7 @@ cmd("INST COLLECT with DURATION 10, TYPE NORMAL")
 cmd("INST", "COLLECT", "DURATION" => 10, "TYPE" => "NORMAL")
 cmd("INST", "COLLECT", { "DURATION" => 10, "TYPE" => "NORMAL" })
 cmd("INST ABORT", timeout: 10, log_message: false, validate: false)
+cmd("INST ABORT", extra: { "request_id" => "1234-5678" })
 ```
 
 </TabItem>
diff --git a/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/app/controllers/queues_controller.rb b/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/app/controllers/queues_controller.rb
index 557283e824..d43a959638 100644
--- a/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/app/controllers/queues_controller.rb
+++ b/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/app/controllers/queues_controller.rb
@@ -164,15 +164,18 @@ def insert_command
         end
       end
       id = params[:id]&.to_f
+      extra = extra_param()
       # If id is nil this means insert at the end
       if target_name && cmd_name
         model.insert_command(id: id, username: username(), target_name: target_name, cmd_name: cmd_name,
-                             cmd_params: params[:cmd_params], validate: params[:validate], timeout: params[:timeout])
+                             cmd_params: params[:cmd_params], extra: extra, validate: params[:validate], timeout: params[:timeout])
       else
-        model.insert_command(id: id, username: username(), command: command,
+        model.insert_command(id: id, username: username(), command: command, extra: extra,
                              validate: params[:validate], timeout: params[:timeout])
       end
       render json: { status: 'success', message: 'Command added to queue' }
+    rescue ArgumentError => e
+      render json: { status: 'error', message: e.message, type: e.class.to_s }, status: :bad_request
     rescue StandardError => e
       log_error(e)
       render json: { status: 'error', message: e.message, type: e.class.to_s, backtrace: e.backtrace }, status: :internal_server_error
@@ -237,13 +240,16 @@ def update_command
       # validate should be true or false, default to true if not given
       validate = params[:validate].nil? ? true : params[:validate]
       # timeout can be nil which means use system default timeout
+      extra = extra_param()
       if target_name && cmd_name
         model.update_command(id: id, username: username(), target_name: target_name, cmd_name: cmd_name,
-                             cmd_params: params[:cmd_params], validate: validate, timeout: params[:timeout])
+                             cmd_params: params[:cmd_params], extra: extra, validate: validate, timeout: params[:timeout])
       else
-        model.update_command(id: id, username: username(), command: command, validate: validate, timeout: params[:timeout])
+        model.update_command(id: id, username: username(), command: command, extra: extra, validate: validate, timeout: params[:timeout])
       end
       render json: { status: 'success', message: 'Command updated' }
+    rescue ArgumentError => e
+      render json: { status: 'error', message: e.message, type: e.class.to_s }, status: :bad_request
     rescue OpenC3::QueueError => e
       log_error(e)
       render json: { status: 'error', message: e.message, type: e.class.to_s }, status: :bad_request
@@ -270,6 +276,8 @@ def exec_command
           # Support both new format (target_name, cmd_name, cmd_params) and legacy format (value)
           validate = command_data.key?('validate') ? command_data['validate'] : true
           timeout = command_data['timeout'] # Default is nil which means use system default timeout
+          extra = command_data['extra']
+          extra = JSON.parse(extra, allow_nan: true, create_additions: true) if extra.is_a?(String)
           if command_data['target_name'] && command_data['cmd_name']
             # New format: use 3-parameter cmd() method
             if command_data['cmd_params']
@@ -278,16 +286,16 @@ def exec_command
               cmd_params = {}
             end
             if hazardous
-              cmd_no_hazardous_check(command_data['target_name'], command_data['cmd_name'], cmd_params, queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], scope: params[:scope], token: token)
+              cmd_no_hazardous_check(command_data['target_name'], command_data['cmd_name'], cmd_params, queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], extra: extra, scope: params[:scope], token: token)
             else
-              cmd(command_data['target_name'], command_data['cmd_name'], cmd_params, queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], scope: params[:scope], token: token)
+              cmd(command_data['target_name'], command_data['cmd_name'], cmd_params, queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], extra: extra, scope: params[:scope], token: token)
             end
           elsif command_data['value']
             # Legacy format: use single string parameter
             if hazardous
-              cmd_no_hazardous_check(command_data['value'], queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], scope: params[:scope], token: token)
+              cmd_no_hazardous_check(command_data['value'], queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], extra: extra, scope: params[:scope], token: token)
             else
-              cmd(command_data['value'], queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], scope: params[:scope], token: token)
+              cmd(command_data['value'], queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command_data['username'], extra: extra, scope: params[:scope], token: token)
             end
           else
             log_error("Invalid command format in queue: #{command_data}")
@@ -330,6 +338,19 @@ def destroy
 
   private
 
+  # Caller metadata attached to a queued command. Rails wraps nested params in
+  # ActionController::Parameters so convert back to a plain Hash before it is
+  # JSON encoded into the queue entry.
+  def extra_param
+    extra = params[:extra]
+    return nil if extra.nil?
+
+    extra = extra.to_unsafe_h if extra.respond_to?(:to_unsafe_h)
+    raise ArgumentError, "Invalid extra parameter: #{extra}. Must be a Hash." unless extra.is_a?(Hash)
+
+    extra
+  end
+
   def change_state(params, state)
     return unless authorization('cmd')
     begin
diff --git a/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/spec/controllers/queues_controller_spec.rb b/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/spec/controllers/queues_controller_spec.rb
index 4a1b7bd1d5..10dacc5dc8 100644
--- a/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/spec/controllers/queues_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3-cosmos-cmd-tlm-api/spec/controllers/queues_controller_spec.rb
@@ -281,6 +281,7 @@ def generate_queue_hash
         id: nil,
         username: "anonymous",
         command: "TEST COMMAND",
+        extra: nil,
         validate: nil,
         timeout: nil
       )
@@ -301,11 +302,42 @@ def generate_queue_hash
         id: id.to_f,
         username: "anonymous",
         command: "TEST COMMAND",
+        extra: nil,
         validate: nil,
         timeout: nil
       )
     end
 
+    it "passes extra metadata through to the model" do
+      queue_model = double("QueueModel")
+      allow(OpenC3::QueueModel).to receive(:get_model).and_return(queue_model)
+      allow(queue_model).to receive(:insert_command)
+
+      post :insert_command, params: {name: "QUEUE1", command: "TEST COMMAND", extra: {flow_uuid: "1234-5678"}, scope: "DEFAULT"}
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(queue_model).to have_received(:insert_command).with(
+        id: nil,
+        username: "anonymous",
+        command: "TEST COMMAND",
+        extra: {"flow_uuid" => "1234-5678"},
+        validate: nil,
+        timeout: nil
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "returns 400 when extra is not a Hash" do
+      queue_model = double("QueueModel")
+      allow(OpenC3::QueueModel).to receive(:get_model).and_return(queue_model)
+      allow(queue_model).to receive(:insert_command)
+
+      post :insert_command, params: {name: "QUEUE1", command: "TEST COMMAND", extra: "invalid", scope: "DEFAULT"}
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(400)
+      json = JSON.parse(response.body, allow_nan: true, create_additions: true)
+      expect(json["status"]).to eql("error")
+      expect(json["message"]).to eql("Invalid extra parameter: invalid. Must be a Hash.")
+      expect(queue_model).to_not have_received(:insert_command)
+    end
+
     it "returns 404 when the queue is not found" do
       allow(OpenC3::QueueModel).to receive(:get_model).and_return(nil)
 
@@ -440,11 +472,43 @@ def generate_queue_hash
         id: id,
         username: "anonymous",
         command: "UPDATED COMMAND",
+        extra: nil,
         validate: true, # Even when not provided, validate should default to true
         timeout: nil
       )
     end
 
+    it "passes extra metadata through to the model" do
+      queue_model = double("QueueModel")
+      allow(OpenC3::QueueModel).to receive(:get_model).and_return(queue_model)
+      allow(queue_model).to receive(:update_command)
+
+      post :update_command, params: {name: "QUEUE1", command: "UPDATED COMMAND", id: "1.0",
+                                     extra: {flow_uuid: "1234-5678"}, scope: "DEFAULT"}
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(queue_model).to have_received(:update_command).with(
+        id: "1.0",
+        username: "anonymous",
+        command: "UPDATED COMMAND",
+        extra: {"flow_uuid" => "1234-5678"},
+        validate: true,
+        timeout: nil
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "returns 400 when extra is not a Hash" do
+      queue_model = double("QueueModel")
+      allow(OpenC3::QueueModel).to receive(:get_model).and_return(queue_model)
+      allow(queue_model).to receive(:update_command)
+
+      post :update_command, params: {name: "QUEUE1", command: "UPDATED COMMAND", id: "1.0", extra: "invalid", scope: "DEFAULT"}
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(400)
+      json = JSON.parse(response.body, allow_nan: true, create_additions: true)
+      expect(json["status"]).to eql("error")
+      expect(json["message"]).to eql("Invalid extra parameter: invalid. Must be a Hash.")
+      expect(queue_model).to_not have_received(:update_command)
+    end
+
     it "returns 404 when the queue is not found" do
       allow(OpenC3::QueueModel).to receive(:get_model).and_return(nil)
 
@@ -550,6 +614,7 @@ def generate_queue_hash
       command_data = {
         "username" => "user1",
         "value" => "TEST COMMAND",
+        "extra" => JSON.generate({ "flow_uuid" => "1234-5678", "data" => "\xFF".b }.as_json, allow_nan: true),
         "timestamp" => 1000,
         "id" => 1.0
       }
@@ -561,6 +626,7 @@ def generate_queue_hash
           validate: true,
           timeout: nil,
           queue_username: "user1",
+          extra: { "flow_uuid" => "1234-5678", "data" => "\xFF".b },
           scope: "DEFAULT",
           token: anything
         }
@@ -591,6 +657,7 @@ def generate_queue_hash
           validate: true,
           timeout: nil,
           queue_username: "user2",
+          extra: nil,
           scope: "DEFAULT",
           token: anything
         }
@@ -658,6 +725,7 @@ def generate_queue_hash
           validate: true,
           timeout: nil,
           queue_username: "user3",
+          extra: nil,
           scope: "DEFAULT",
           token: anything
         }
@@ -687,6 +755,7 @@ def generate_queue_hash
           validate: true,
           timeout: 0,
           queue_username: "user4",
+          extra: nil,
           scope: "DEFAULT",
           token: anything
         }
@@ -779,4 +848,4 @@ def generate_queue_hash
       )
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/api/cmd_api.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/api/cmd_api.rb
index 6a159c3794..1f82043c73 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/api/cmd_api.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/api/cmd_api.rb
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ def _extract_target_command_parameter_names(method_name, *args)
 
     # NOTE: When adding new keywords to this method, make sure to update script/commands.rb
     def _cmd_implementation(method_name, *args, range_check:, hazardous_check:, raw:, timeout: nil, log_message: nil, manual: false, validate: true, queue: nil,
-                            queue_username: nil, scope: $openc3_scope, token: $openc3_token, **kwargs)
+                            queue_username: nil, extra: nil, scope: $openc3_scope, token: $openc3_token, **kwargs)
       extract_string_kwargs_to_args(args, kwargs)
       unless [nil, true, false].include?(log_message)
         raise "Invalid log_message parameter: #{log_message}. Must be true or false."
@@ -462,6 +462,9 @@ def _cmd_implementation(method_name, *args, range_check:, hazardous_check:, raw:
           raise "Invalid timeout parameter: #{timeout}. Must be numeric."
         end
       end
+      unless extra.nil? || extra.is_a?(Hash)
+        raise "Invalid extra parameter: #{extra}. Must be a Hash."
+      end
 
       case args.length
       when 1
@@ -535,6 +538,7 @@ def _cmd_implementation(method_name, *args, range_check:, hazardous_check:, raw:
         'log_message' => log_message.to_s,
         'obfuscated_items' => packet['obfuscated_items'].to_s
       }
+      command['extra'] = extra unless extra.nil?
       # Record the original queuing user (author) separately from 'username' (the
       # user or process that actually executed the command). Command History shows
       # 'username' as "Executed By" and queue_username as "Queued By".
@@ -550,6 +554,7 @@ def _cmd_implementation(method_name, *args, range_check:, hazardous_check:, raw:
           target_name: target_name,
           cmd_name: cmd_name,
           cmd_params: cmd_params,
+          extra: extra,
           validate: validate,
           timeout: timeout,
           username: username,
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.rb
index e57458ee13..df36120438 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.rb
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ def write_packet(packet)
       @write_extra = nil
       if packet.extra
         @write_flags |= COSMOS4_EXTRA_FLAG_MASK
-        @write_extra = packet.extra.as_json().to_json(allow_nan: true)
+        # Force binary so appending it can't promote data_to_send to UTF-8, which
+        # then raises Encoding::CompatibilityError on the binary fields that follow
+        @write_extra = packet.extra.as_json().to_json(allow_nan: true).b
       end
       return packet
     end
@@ -76,7 +78,9 @@ def write_data(data, extra = nil)
       data_to_send << @sync_pattern if @sync_pattern
       data_to_send << @write_flags
       if @write_extra
-        data_to_send << [@write_extra.length].pack('N')
+        # Length field must count bytes, not characters, or a non-ASCII value in
+        # extra desyncs the receiver
+        data_to_send << [@write_extra.bytesize].pack('N')
         data_to_send << @write_extra
       end
       data_to_send << @write_time_seconds
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/logs/packet_log_writer.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/logs/packet_log_writer.rb
index 3bbc9da002..6296f3b01f 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/logs/packet_log_writer.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/logs/packet_log_writer.rb
@@ -313,15 +313,20 @@ def write_entry(entry_type, cmd_or_tlm, target_name, packet_name, time_nsec_sinc
           if @data_format == :CBOR
             extra_encoded = extra.as_json.to_cbor
           else
-            extra_encoded = JSON.generate(extra.as_json, allow_nan: true)
+            # Force binary: JSON.generate returns UTF-8 and appending that to the
+            # binary entry raises Encoding::CompatibilityError once the entry holds
+            # a byte >= 0x80, which silently drops the packet from the log
+            extra_encoded = JSON.generate(extra.as_json, allow_nan: true).b
           end
-          length += extra_encoded.length
+          # Count bytes, not characters, so a non-ASCII value in extra can't produce
+          # a short entry length
+          length += extra_encoded.bytesize
         end
         length += OPENC3_PACKET_SECONDARY_FIXED_SIZE + data.length
         @entry.clear
         @entry << [length, flags, packet_index, time_nsec_since_epoch].pack(OPENC3_PACKET_PACK_DIRECTIVE)
         @entry << [received_time_nsec_since_epoch].pack(OPENC3_RECEIVED_TIME_PACK_DIRECTIVE) if received_time_nsec_since_epoch
-        @entry << [extra_encoded.length].pack(OPENC3_EXTRA_LENGTH_PACK_DIRECTIVE) << extra_encoded if extra_encoded
+        @entry << [extra_encoded.bytesize].pack(OPENC3_EXTRA_LENGTH_PACK_DIRECTIVE) << extra_encoded if extra_encoded
         @entry << data.force_encoding('ASCII-8BIT')
         @first_time = time_nsec_since_epoch if !@first_time or time_nsec_since_epoch < @first_time
         @last_time = time_nsec_since_epoch if !@last_time or time_nsec_since_epoch > @last_time
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.rb
index 86dfdea240..878fd14588 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.rb
@@ -284,6 +284,21 @@ def run
             end
 
             command.extra ||= {}
+            if msg_hash['extra']
+              # Caller metadata is the base layer. Values already in command.extra were
+              # written by the packet's accessor during build_cmd (e.g. HttpAccessor sets
+              # HTTP_PATH, HTTP_METHOD, HTTP_HEADERS, HTTP_QUERIES from the command
+              # definition) and are authoritative, so they overwrite caller values rather
+              # than the other way around. Otherwise a caller could redirect the request
+              # an interface makes on their behalf.
+              caller_extra = JSON.parse(msg_hash['extra'], allow_nan: true, create_additions: true)
+              command.extra = caller_extra.merge(command.extra)
+            end
+            # These fields are populated from COSMOS workflow state below.
+            command.extra.delete('queue_username')
+            command.extra.delete('approver')
+            command.extra.delete('cmd_success')
+            command.extra.delete('cmd_reason')
             command.extra['cmd_string'] = msg_hash['cmd_string']
             command.extra['username'] = msg_hash['username']
             command.extra['interface_name'] = @interface.name
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/queue_microservice.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/queue_microservice.rb
index a20066ec1d..c4b19594a7 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/queue_microservice.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/microservices/queue_microservice.rb
@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ def process_queued_commands
           _queue_name, command_data, _timestamp = Store.bzpopmin("#{@scope}:#{@name}", timeout: 0.2)
           if command_data
             command = JSON.parse(command_data)
+            extra = command['extra']
+            if extra.is_a?(String)
+              extra = JSON.parse(extra, allow_nan: true, create_additions: true)
+            end
             # It's important to set queue: false here to avoid infinite recursion when
             # OPENC3_DEFAULT_QUEUE is set because commands would be re-queued to the default queue
             # NOTE: cmd() via script rescues hazardous errors and calls prompt_for_hazardous()
@@ -78,12 +82,12 @@ def process_queued_commands
               timeout = command['timeout']
               # Pass queue_username so Command History is attributed to the original
               # author rather than the queue microservice name
-              cmd(command['target_name'], command['cmd_name'], cmd_params, queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command['username'], scope: @scope)
+              cmd(command['target_name'], command['cmd_name'], cmd_params, queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command['username'], extra: extra, scope: @scope)
             elsif command['value']
               # Legacy format: use single string parameter for backwards compatibility
               validate = command.key?('validate') ? command['validate'] : true
               timeout = command['timeout']
-              cmd(command['value'], queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command['username'], scope: @scope)
+              cmd(command['value'], queue: false, validate: validate, timeout: timeout, queue_username: command['username'], extra: extra, scope: @scope)
             else
               @logger.error "QueueProcessor: Invalid command format, missing required fields"
             end
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/models/queue_model.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/models/queue_model.rb
index aa71747ebf..cdd1128dc0 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/models/queue_model.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/models/queue_model.rb
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def self.all(scope:)
     end
     # END NOTE
 
-    def self.queue_command(name, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, validate: true, timeout: nil, username:, scope:)
+    def self.queue_command(name, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, extra: nil, validate: true, timeout: nil, username:, scope:)
       model = get_model(name: name, scope: scope)
       raise QueueError, "Queue '#{name}' not found in scope '#{scope}'" unless model
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def self.queue_command(name, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_
       id = result.empty? ? 1.0 : result[0][1].to_f + 1
 
       command_data = build_command_data(username: username, command: command, target_name: target_name,
-                                        cmd_name: cmd_name, cmd_params: cmd_params, validate: validate, timeout: timeout)
+                                        cmd_name: cmd_name, cmd_params: cmd_params, extra: extra, validate: validate, timeout: timeout)
       Store.zadd("#{scope}:#{name}", id, command_data.to_json)
       model.notify(kind: 'command')
     end
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def self.queue_command(name, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_
     # Build the hash that gets serialized into Redis. Always uses symbol keys so
     # downstream code in this class can access values consistently. cmd_params is
     # JSON-encoded as a string so binary data survives the round-trip via as_json.
-    def self.build_command_data(username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, validate: nil, timeout: nil)
+    def self.build_command_data(username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, extra: nil, validate: nil, timeout: nil)
       command_data = { username: username, timestamp: Time.now.to_nsec_from_epoch }
       if target_name && cmd_name
         command_data[:target_name] = target_name
@@ -74,6 +74,10 @@ def self.build_command_data(username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name:
       end
       command_data[:validate] = validate unless validate.nil?
       command_data[:timeout] = timeout unless timeout.nil?
+      unless extra.nil?
+        # extra is already a JSON string when carried forward from an existing queue entry
+        command_data[:extra] = extra.is_a?(String) ? extra : JSON.generate(extra.as_json, allow_nan: true)
+      end
       command_data
     end
 
@@ -118,7 +122,7 @@ def notify(kind:)
       QueueTopic.write_notification(notification, scope: @scope)
     end
 
-    def insert_command(id: nil, username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, validate: nil, timeout: nil)
+    def insert_command(id: nil, username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, extra: nil, validate: nil, timeout: nil)
       if @state == 'DISABLE'
         command_name = command || "#{target_name} #{cmd_name}"
         raise QueueError, "Queue '#{@name}' is disabled. Command '#{command_name}' not queued."
@@ -130,12 +134,12 @@ def insert_command(id: nil, username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name:
       end
 
       command_data = self.class.build_command_data(username: username, command: command, target_name: target_name,
-                                                   cmd_name: cmd_name, cmd_params: cmd_params, validate: validate, timeout: timeout)
+                                                   cmd_name: cmd_name, cmd_params: cmd_params, extra: extra, validate: validate, timeout: timeout)
       Store.zadd("#{@scope}:#{@name}", id, command_data.to_json)
       notify(kind: 'command')
     end
 
-    def update_command(id:, username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, validate: nil, timeout: nil)
+    def update_command(id:, username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil, cmd_params: nil, extra: nil, validate: nil, timeout: nil)
       if @state == 'DISABLE'
         raise QueueError, "Queue '#{@name}' is disabled. Command at id #{id} not updated."
       end
@@ -145,9 +149,13 @@ def update_command(id:, username:, command: nil, target_name: nil, cmd_name: nil
         raise QueueError, "No command found at id #{id} in queue '#{@name}'"
       end
 
+      # Carry forward the caller metadata attached by cmd(extra: ...) when the update
+      # doesn't supply its own. Editing a queued command shouldn't silently drop it.
+      extra = JSON.parse(existing[0])['extra'] if extra.nil?
+
       Store.zremrangebyscore("#{@scope}:#{@name}", id, id)
       command_data = self.class.build_command_data(username: username, command: command, target_name: target_name,
-                                                   cmd_name: cmd_name, cmd_params: cmd_params, validate: validate, timeout: timeout)
+                                                   cmd_name: cmd_name, cmd_params: cmd_params, extra: extra, validate: validate, timeout: timeout)
       Store.zadd("#{@scope}:#{@name}", id, command_data.to_json)
       notify(kind: 'command')
     end
@@ -243,4 +251,4 @@ def destroy
       super()
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/script/commands.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/script/commands.rb
index 258a2c3ee1..f8e440c394 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/script/commands.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/script/commands.rb
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ def _cmd_disconnect(cmd, raw, no_range, no_hazardous, *args, scope: $openc3_scop
     # except for range_check, hazardous_check, and raw as they are part of the cmd name
     # manual is always false since this is called from script and that is the default
     # NOTE: This is a helper method and should not be called directly
-    def _cmd(cmd, cmd_no_hazardous, *args, timeout: nil, log_message: nil, validate: true, queue: nil, scope: $openc3_scope, token: $openc3_token, **kwargs)
+    def _cmd(cmd, cmd_no_hazardous, *args, timeout: nil, log_message: nil, validate: true, queue: nil, extra: nil, scope: $openc3_scope, token: $openc3_token, **kwargs)
       extract_string_kwargs_to_args(args, kwargs)
       raw = cmd.include?('raw')
       no_range = cmd.include?('no_range') || cmd.include?('no_checks')
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ def _cmd(cmd, cmd_no_hazardous, *args, timeout: nil, log_message: nil, validate:
       else
         begin
           begin
-            command = $api_server.method_missing(cmd, *args, timeout: timeout, log_message: log_message, validate: validate, queue: queue, scope: scope, token: token)
+            command = $api_server.method_missing(cmd, *args, timeout: timeout, log_message: log_message, validate: validate, queue: queue, extra: extra, scope: scope, token: token)
             if log_message.nil? or log_message
               _log_cmd(command, raw, no_range, no_hazardous)
             end
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def _cmd(cmd, cmd_no_hazardous, *args, timeout: nil, log_message: nil, validate:
             # This opens a prompt at which point they can cancel and stop the script
             # or say Yes and send the command. Thus we don't care about the return value.
             prompt_for_hazardous(e.target_name, e.cmd_name, e.hazardous_description)
-            command = $api_server.method_missing(cmd_no_hazardous, *args, timeout: timeout, log_message: log_message, validate: validate, queue: queue, scope: scope, token: token)
+            command = $api_server.method_missing(cmd_no_hazardous, *args, timeout: timeout, log_message: log_message, validate: validate, queue: queue, extra: extra, scope: scope, token: token)
             if log_message.nil? or log_message
               _log_cmd(command, raw, no_range, no_hazardous)
             end
diff --git a/openc3/lib/openc3/topics/command_topic.rb b/openc3/lib/openc3/topics/command_topic.rb
index 08eb57f11b..c63dcf513f 100644
--- a/openc3/lib/openc3/topics/command_topic.rb
+++ b/openc3/lib/openc3/topics/command_topic.rb
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ def self.send_command(command, timeout: COMMAND_ACK_TIMEOUT_S, scope:, obfuscate
       # Save the existing cmd_params Hash and JSON generate before writing to the topic
       cmd_params = command['cmd_params']
       command['cmd_params'] = JSON.generate(command['cmd_params'].as_json, allow_nan: true)
+      extra = command['extra']
+      command['extra'] = JSON.generate(extra.as_json, allow_nan: true) if extra
       OpenC3.inject_context(command)
 
       db_shard = Store.db_shard_for_target(command['target_name'], scope: scope)
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@ def self.send_command(command, timeout: COMMAND_ACK_TIMEOUT_S, scope:, obfuscate
       if timeout <= 0
         Topic.write_topic("{#{scope}__CMD}TARGET__#{command['target_name']}", command, '*', 100, db_shard: db_shard)
         command["cmd_params"] = cmd_params # Restore the original cmd_params Hash
+        command['extra'] = extra if extra
         return command
       end
 
@@ -60,6 +63,7 @@ def self.send_command(command, timeout: COMMAND_ACK_TIMEOUT_S, scope:, obfuscate
       Topic.update_topic_offsets([ack_topic], db_shard: db_shard)
       cmd_id = Topic.write_topic("{#{scope}__CMD}TARGET__#{command['target_name']}", command, '*', 100, db_shard: db_shard)
       command["cmd_params"] = cmd_params # Restore the original cmd_params Hash
+      command['extra'] = extra if extra
       time = Time.now
       while (Time.now - time) < timeout
         Topic.read_topics([ack_topic], db_shard: db_shard) do |_topic, _msg_id, msg_hash, _redis|
diff --git a/openc3/python/openc3/api/cmd_api.py b/openc3/python/openc3/api/cmd_api.py
index 40c097d8a4..8ed6551ce0 100644
--- a/openc3/python/openc3/api/cmd_api.py
+++ b/openc3/python/openc3/api/cmd_api.py
@@ -610,6 +610,9 @@ def _cmd_implementation(
         manual=manual,
     )
     queue_username = kwargs.get("queue_username")
+    extra = kwargs.get("extra")
+    if extra is not None and not isinstance(extra, dict):
+        raise RuntimeError(f"Invalid extra parameter: {extra}. Must be a dict.")
     if not user:
         user = {}
         user["username"] = os.environ.get("OPENC3_MICROSERVICE_NAME")
@@ -689,6 +692,8 @@ def _cmd_implementation(
         "log_message": str(log_message),
         "obfuscated_items": json.dumps(packet.get("obfuscated_items", [])),
     }
+    if extra is not None:
+        command["extra"] = extra
     # Record the original queuing user (author) separately from 'username' (the
     # user or process that actually executed the command). Command History shows
     # 'username' as "Executed By" and queue_username as "Queued By".
@@ -704,7 +709,7 @@ def _cmd_implementation(
         # Pull the command out of the script string, e.g. cmd("INST ABORT")
         queued = cmd_string.split('("')[1].split('")')[0]
         QueueModel.queue_command(
-            queue, command=queued, username=username, scope=scope, validate=validate, timeout=timeout
+            queue, command=queued, username=username, scope=scope, validate=validate, timeout=timeout, extra=extra
         )
     else:
         CommandTopic.send_command(command, timeout=timeout, scope=scope)
diff --git a/openc3/python/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.py b/openc3/python/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.py
index ab14aaa56a..c165b59ae6 100644
--- a/openc3/python/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.py
+++ b/openc3/python/openc3/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 from openc3.config.config_parser import ConfigParser
 from openc3.interfaces.protocols.burst_protocol import BurstProtocol
 from openc3.utilities.extract import convert_to_value
+from openc3.utilities.json import JsonEncoder
 
 
 # Delineates packets using the OpenC3 preidentification system
@@ -68,7 +69,9 @@ def write_packet(self, packet):
         self.write_extra = None
         if packet.extra:
             self.write_flags |= PreidentifiedProtocol.COSMOS4_EXTRA_FLAG_MASK
-            self.write_extra = json.dumps(packet.extra)
+            # JsonEncoder so binary and other COSMOS types survive, matching the Ruby
+            # side which encodes via as_json
+            self.write_extra = json.dumps(packet.extra, cls=JsonEncoder)
         return packet
 
     def write_data(self, data, extra=None):
@@ -78,8 +81,11 @@ def write_data(self, data, extra=None):
             data_to_send += self.sync_pattern
         data_to_send += self.write_flags.to_bytes(1, byteorder="big")
         if self.write_extra:
-            data_to_send += struct.pack(">I", len(self.write_extra))
-            data_to_send += bytes(self.write_extra, "ascii")
+            # Length field must count bytes, not characters, or a non-ASCII value in
+            # extra desyncs the receiver
+            write_extra = self.write_extra.encode("utf-8")
+            data_to_send += struct.pack(">I", len(write_extra))
+            data_to_send += write_extra
         data_to_send += self.write_time_seconds
         data_to_send += self.write_time_microseconds
         data_to_send += struct.pack(">B", len(self.write_target_name))
diff --git a/openc3/python/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.py b/openc3/python/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.py
index ebdf5a9b9f..0a97203300 100644
--- a/openc3/python/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.py
+++ b/openc3/python/openc3/microservices/interface_microservice.py
@@ -321,6 +321,21 @@ def process_cmd(self, topic, msg_id, msg_hash, _redis):
                 return str(e)
 
             command.extra = command.extra or {}
+            if msg_hash.get(b"extra"):
+                # Caller metadata is the base layer. Values already in command.extra were
+                # written by the packet's accessor during build_cmd (e.g. HttpAccessor sets
+                # HTTP_PATH, HTTP_METHOD, HTTP_HEADERS, HTTP_QUERIES from the command
+                # definition) and are authoritative, so they overwrite caller values rather
+                # than the other way around. Otherwise a caller could redirect the request
+                # an interface makes on their behalf.
+                caller_extra = json.loads(msg_hash[b"extra"], cls=JsonDecoder)
+                caller_extra.update(command.extra)
+                command.extra = caller_extra
+            # These fields are populated from COSMOS workflow state below.
+            command.extra.pop("queue_username", None)
+            command.extra.pop("approver", None)
+            command.extra.pop("cmd_success", None)
+            command.extra.pop("cmd_reason", None)
             command.extra["cmd_string"] = msg_hash.get(b"cmd_string", b"").decode()
             command.extra["username"] = msg_hash.get(b"username", b"").decode()
             command.extra["interface_name"] = self.interface.name
diff --git a/openc3/python/openc3/models/queue_model.py b/openc3/python/openc3/models/queue_model.py
index 9d75134eca..36d69c9bca 100644
--- a/openc3/python/openc3/models/queue_model.py
+++ b/openc3/python/openc3/models/queue_model.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 from openc3.models.model import Model
 from openc3.topics.queue_topic import QueueTopic
+from openc3.utilities.json import JsonEncoder
 from openc3.utilities.store import Store
 
 
@@ -48,7 +49,14 @@ def all(cls, scope: str):
     # However we need a lot of methods to enable cls.get_model and model.notify
     @classmethod
     def queue_command(
-        cls, name: str, command: str, username: str, scope: str, validate: bool = True, timeout: float = None
+        cls,
+        name: str,
+        command: str,
+        username: str,
+        scope: str,
+        validate: bool = True,
+        timeout: float = None,
+        extra: dict | None = None,
     ):
         model = cls.get_model(name=name, scope=scope)
         if not model:
@@ -68,6 +76,8 @@ def queue_command(
                 "timeout": timeout,
                 "timestamp": time.time_ns(),
             }
+            if extra is not None:
+                command_data["extra"] = json.dumps(extra, cls=JsonEncoder)
             Store.zadd(f"{scope}:{name}", {json.dumps(command_data): index})
             model.notify(kind="command")
         else:
diff --git a/openc3/python/openc3/script/commands.py b/openc3/python/openc3/script/commands.py
index 59579688c9..97960c928e 100644
--- a/openc3/python/openc3/script/commands.py
+++ b/openc3/python/openc3/script/commands.py
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ def _cmd(
     log_message=None,
     validate=True,
     queue=None,
+    extra=None,
     scope=OPENC3_SCOPE,
 ):
     """Send the command and log the results
@@ -249,6 +250,7 @@ def _cmd(
                     log_message=log_message,
                     validate=validate,
                     queue=queue,
+                    extra=extra,
                     scope=scope,
                 )
                 if log_message is None or log_message:
@@ -270,6 +272,7 @@ def _cmd(
                     log_message=log_message,
                     validate=validate,
                     queue=queue,
+                    extra=extra,
                     scope=scope,
                 )
                 if log_message is None or log_message:
diff --git a/openc3/python/openc3/topics/command_topic.py b/openc3/python/openc3/topics/command_topic.py
index a76c07fa2e..05ff0b6d27 100644
--- a/openc3/python/openc3/topics/command_topic.py
+++ b/openc3/python/openc3/topics/command_topic.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def write_packet(cls, packet, scope):
             "buffer": bytes(packet.buffer_no_copy()),
         }
         if packet.extra:
-            msg_hash["extra"] = json.dumps(packet.extra)
+            msg_hash["extra"] = json.dumps(packet.extra, cls=JsonEncoder)
         db_shard = Store.db_shard_for_target(packet.target_name, scope=scope)
         EphemeralStoreQueued.instance(db_shard=db_shard).write_topic(topic, msg_hash)
 
@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ def send_command(cls, command, timeout, scope, obfuscated_items=None):
         # Save the existing cmd_params Hash and JSON generate before writing to the topic
         cmd_params = command["cmd_params"]
         command["cmd_params"] = json.dumps(command["cmd_params"], cls=JsonEncoder)
+        extra = command.get("extra")
+        if extra is not None:
+            command["extra"] = json.dumps(extra, cls=JsonEncoder)
 
         db_shard = Store.db_shard_for_target(command["target_name"], scope=scope)
 
@@ -70,6 +73,8 @@ def send_command(cls, command, timeout, scope, obfuscated_items=None):
                 db_shard=db_shard,
             )
             command["cmd_params"] = cmd_params  # Restore the original cmd_params dict
+            if extra is not None:
+                command["extra"] = extra
             return command
 
         ack_topic = f"{{{scope}__ACKCMD}}TARGET__{command['target_name']}"
@@ -82,6 +87,8 @@ def send_command(cls, command, timeout, scope, obfuscated_items=None):
             db_shard=db_shard,
         )
         command["cmd_params"] = cmd_params  # Restore the original cmd_params dict
+        if extra is not None:
+            command["extra"] = extra
         start_time = time.time()
         while (time.time() - start_time) < timeout:
             for _, _, msg_hash, _ in Topic.read_topics([ack_topic], db_shard=db_shard):
diff --git a/openc3/python/openc3/utilities/json.py b/openc3/python/openc3/utilities/json.py
index c4f844056e..ec3ded428a 100644
--- a/openc3/python/openc3/utilities/json.py
+++ b/openc3/python/openc3/utilities/json.py
@@ -26,10 +26,26 @@ def default(self, o):
 
 
 class JsonDecoder(json.JSONDecoder):
+    # Ruby's Float#as_json (openc3/io/json_rpc.rb) encodes non-finite floats as
+    # {"json_class": "Float", "raw": "NaN"|"Infinity"|"-Infinity"} because bare
+    # NaN/Infinity literals are not valid JSON. Python's json module writes those
+    # bare literals instead and reads them back natively, so only the decode side
+    # needs to understand both forms.
+    RUBY_SPECIAL_FLOATS = {
+        "NaN": float("nan"),
+        "Infinity": float("inf"),
+        "-Infinity": float("-inf"),
+    }
+
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         json.JSONDecoder.__init__(self, object_hook=self.object_hook, *args, **kwargs)  # noqa: B026
 
     def object_hook(self, dct):
-        if dct.get("json_class") == "String":
+        json_class = dct.get("json_class")
+        if json_class == "String":
             return bytes(dct["raw"])
+        if json_class == "Float":
+            raw = dct.get("raw")
+            if isinstance(raw, str) and raw in self.RUBY_SPECIAL_FLOATS:
+                return self.RUBY_SPECIAL_FLOATS[raw]
         return dct
diff --git a/openc3/python/test/api/test_cmd_api.py b/openc3/python/test/api/test_cmd_api.py
index d4edaa22e9..9b79224ff8 100644
--- a/openc3/python/test/api/test_cmd_api.py
+++ b/openc3/python/test/api/test_cmd_api.py
@@ -247,6 +247,25 @@ def test_cmd_records_the_original_queuing_user(self):
             # username is the executing user/process, not the author
             self.assertNotEqual(command["username"], "original_author")
 
+    def test_cmd_carries_extra_metadata(self):
+        extra = {"flow_uuid": "1234-5678", "hv_id": 42}
+        for name in [
+            "cmd",
+            "cmd_no_range_check",
+            "cmd_no_hazardous_check",
+            "cmd_no_checks",
+            "cmd_raw",
+            "cmd_raw_no_range_check",
+            "cmd_raw_no_hazardous_check",
+            "cmd_raw_no_checks",
+        ]:
+            command = globals()[name]("INST", "ABORT", extra=extra)
+            self.assertEqual(command["extra"], extra)
+
+    def test_cmd_rejects_invalid_extra_metadata(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "Invalid extra parameter: invalid. Must be a dict"):
+            cmd("INST", "ABORT", extra="invalid")
+
     def test_cmd_warns_about_required_parameters(self):
         for name in [
             "cmd",
diff --git a/openc3/python/test/interfaces/protocols/test_preidentified_protocol.py b/openc3/python/test/interfaces/protocols/test_preidentified_protocol.py
index 22134bc305..ebf8aaed0b 100644
--- a/openc3/python/test/interfaces/protocols/test_preidentified_protocol.py
+++ b/openc3/python/test/interfaces/protocols/test_preidentified_protocol.py
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 from openc3.interfaces.protocols.preidentified_protocol import PreidentifiedProtocol
 from openc3.interfaces.stream_interface import StreamInterface
 from openc3.streams.stream import Stream
+from openc3.utilities.json import JsonDecoder, JsonEncoder
 from test.test_helper import *
 
 
@@ -144,6 +145,25 @@ def test_write_creates_a_packet_header_with_extra(self):
         offset += len(json_extra)
         self.verify_time_tgt_pkt_buffer(offset, time, pkt)
 
+    def test_write_encodes_binary_extra(self):
+        # Binary values reach a command's extra via cmd(extra=...), so the protocol has
+        # to use JsonEncoder like the rest of COSMOS. Plain json.dumps raises
+        # "Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable" and kills the write.
+        _time, pkt = self.setup_stream_pkt()
+        pkt.stored = False
+        pkt.extra = {"data": b"\xff"}
+        self.interface.write(pkt)
+
+        json_extra = json.dumps({"data": b"\xff"}, cls=JsonEncoder).encode("utf-8")
+        offset = 1
+        self.assertEqual(
+            struct.unpack(">I", TestPreidentifiedProtocol.buffer[offset : (offset + 4)])[0],
+            len(json_extra),
+        )
+        offset += 4
+        written = TestPreidentifiedProtocol.buffer[offset : (offset + len(json_extra))]
+        self.assertEqual(json.loads(written, cls=JsonDecoder), {"data": b"\xff"})
+
     def test_write_creates_a_packet_header_with_stored_and_extra(self):
         time, pkt = self.setup_stream_pkt()
         pkt.stored = True
diff --git a/openc3/python/test/microservices/test_interface_microservice.py b/openc3/python/test/microservices/test_interface_microservice.py
index a5e640f814..d7e0cfc82c 100644
--- a/openc3/python/test/microservices/test_interface_microservice.py
+++ b/openc3/python/test/microservices/test_interface_microservice.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 # if purchased from OpenC3, Inc.
 
 import json
+import math
 import threading
 import time
 import unittest
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@
 from openc3.topics.interface_topic import InterfaceTopic
 from openc3.topics.telemetry_decom_topic import TelemetryDecomTopic
 from openc3.topics.topic import Topic
+from openc3.utilities.json import JsonEncoder
 from openc3.utilities.store_queued import EphemeralStoreQueued, StoreQueued
 from openc3.utilities.time import from_nsec_from_epoch
 from test.test_helper import *
@@ -526,6 +528,18 @@ def test_process_cmd_with_all_fields_and_missing_optional_fields(self):
             b"hazardous_check": b"TRUE",
             b"cmd_string": b"cmd('INST ABORT')",
             b"username": b"test_user",
+            b"extra": json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "flow_uuid": "1234-5678",
+                    "username": "untrusted",
+                    "queue_username": "untrusted",
+                    "approver": "untrusted",
+                    "cmd_success": False,
+                    "cmd_reason": "untrusted",
+                    "data": b"\xff",
+                },
+                cls=JsonEncoder,
+            ).encode(),
             b"queue_username": b"DEFAULT__MULTI__INST",
             b"validate": b"TRUE",
             b"manual": b"FALSE",
@@ -537,8 +551,13 @@ def test_process_cmd_with_all_fields_and_missing_optional_fields(self):
         # queue_username must be copied into the command extra so Command History
         # can show "Queued By" for queued commands
         command = mock_write.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["flow_uuid"], "1234-5678")
         self.assertEqual(command.extra["username"], "test_user")
         self.assertEqual(command.extra.get("queue_username"), "DEFAULT__MULTI__INST")
+        self.assertNotIn("approver", command.extra)
+        self.assertNotIn("cmd_success", command.extra)
+        self.assertNotIn("cmd_reason", command.extra)
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["data"], b"\xff")
 
         # Minimal msg_hash — only required fields; optional fields use .get() defaults
         minimal_msg_hash = {
@@ -562,6 +581,93 @@ def test_process_cmd_with_all_fields_and_missing_optional_fields(self):
         result = handler.process_cmd(topic, msg_id, full_msg_hash, None)
         self.assertIsNone(result)
 
+    def test_process_cmd_decodes_ruby_encoded_special_floats_in_extra(self):
+        """A command queued from Ruby (or released by the Ruby queue microservice) has
+        its extra encoded by Ruby's Float#as_json, which writes non-finite floats as
+        {"json_class": "Float", "raw": "NaN"|"Infinity"|"-Infinity"}. Those must arrive
+        at a Python interface as floats, not as dicts."""
+        im = InterfaceMicroservice("DEFAULT__INTERFACE__INST_INT")
+        thread = threading.Thread(target=im.run)
+        thread.start()
+        self.addCleanup(thread.join, 5)
+        self.addCleanup(im.shutdown)
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+
+        handler = im.handler_thread
+        # Byte for byte what Ruby's JSON.generate(extra.as_json, allow_nan: true) emits
+        ruby_extra = (
+            b'{"nan":{"json_class":"Float","raw":"NaN"},'
+            b'"inf":{"json_class":"Float","raw":"Infinity"},'
+            b'"ninf":{"json_class":"Float","raw":"-Infinity"},'
+            b'"normal":1.5}'
+        )
+        msg_hash = {
+            b"target_name": b"INST",
+            b"cmd_name": b"ABORT",
+            b"cmd_params": json.dumps({}).encode(),
+            b"cmd_string": b"cmd('INST ABORT')",
+            b"username": b"test_user",
+            b"extra": ruby_extra,
+        }
+        with patch("openc3.microservices.interface_microservice.CommandDecomTopic.write_packet") as mock_write:
+            result = handler.process_cmd("{DEFAULT__CMD}TARGET__INST", "1-0", msg_hash, None)
+        self.assertEqual(result, "SUCCESS")
+
+        command = mock_write.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertTrue(math.isnan(command.extra["nan"]))
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["inf"], float("inf"))
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["ninf"], float("-inf"))
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["normal"], 1.5)
+
+    def test_process_cmd_does_not_let_caller_metadata_override_accessor_extra(self):
+        """Accessors write into packet.extra while build_cmd sets the command
+        parameters. HttpAccessor puts HTTP_PATH / HTTP_METHOD / HTTP_HEADERS /
+        HTTP_QUERIES there and HttpClientInterface builds the outgoing request from
+        them, so caller metadata must never win over these."""
+        im = InterfaceMicroservice("DEFAULT__INTERFACE__INST_INT")
+        thread = threading.Thread(target=im.run)
+        thread.start()
+        self.addCleanup(thread.join, 5)
+        self.addCleanup(im.shutdown)
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+
+        handler = im.handler_thread
+        original_build_cmd = System.commands.build_cmd
+
+        def build_cmd_with_accessor_extra(*args, **kwargs):
+            command = original_build_cmd(*args, **kwargs)
+            command.extra = {"HTTP_PATH": "/defined", "HTTP_METHOD": "get"}
+            return command
+
+        msg_hash = {
+            b"target_name": b"INST",
+            b"cmd_name": b"ABORT",
+            b"cmd_params": json.dumps({}).encode(),
+            b"cmd_string": b"cmd('INST ABORT')",
+            b"username": b"test_user",
+            b"extra": json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "HTTP_PATH": "/attacker",
+                    "HTTP_METHOD": "delete",
+                    "HTTP_HEADERS": {"authorization": "stolen"},
+                    "flow_uuid": "1234-5678",
+                }
+            ).encode(),
+        }
+        with (
+            patch.object(System.commands, "build_cmd", side_effect=build_cmd_with_accessor_extra),
+            patch("openc3.microservices.interface_microservice.CommandDecomTopic.write_packet") as mock_write,
+        ):
+            result = handler.process_cmd("{DEFAULT__CMD}TARGET__INST", "1-0", msg_hash, None)
+        self.assertEqual(result, "SUCCESS")
+
+        command = mock_write.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["HTTP_PATH"], "/defined")
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["HTTP_METHOD"], "get")
+        # Keys the accessor didn't set still come through so the feature works
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["HTTP_HEADERS"], {"authorization": "stolen"})
+        self.assertEqual(command.extra["flow_uuid"], "1234-5678")
+
     def test_process_cmd_supports_interface_directives(self):
         """Directive messages on the CMD}INTERFACE topic: interface_details and
         target_control (enable/disable and the error path)."""
diff --git a/openc3/python/test/models/test_queue_model.py b/openc3/python/test/models/test_queue_model.py
index c5cda6125b..097e2714af 100644
--- a/openc3/python/test/models/test_queue_model.py
+++ b/openc3/python/test/models/test_queue_model.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 from openc3.models.queue_model import QueueError, QueueModel
 from openc3.topics.queue_topic import QueueTopic
+from openc3.utilities.json import JsonDecoder
 from test.test_helper import mock_redis
 
 
@@ -95,6 +96,29 @@ def test_queue_command_validate_false_timeout_zero(self, mock_get_model, mock_st
         )
         mock_store.zadd.assert_called_once_with("DEFAULT:TEST", {expected_data: 1.0})
 
+    @patch("openc3.models.queue_model.Store")
+    @patch("openc3.models.queue_model.QueueModel.get_model")
+    def test_queue_command_with_extra_metadata(self, mock_get_model, mock_store):
+        mock_model = Mock()
+        mock_model.state = "RUNNING"
+        mock_get_model.return_value = mock_model
+        mock_store.zrevrange.return_value = []
+
+        with patch("time.time_ns", return_value=1234567890):
+            QueueModel.queue_command(
+                "TEST",
+                command="CMD",
+                username="user",
+                scope="DEFAULT",
+                extra={"flow_uuid": "1234-5678", "data": b"\xff"},
+            )
+
+        queued = json.loads(next(iter(mock_store.zadd.call_args.args[1])))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            json.loads(queued["extra"], cls=JsonDecoder),
+            {"flow_uuid": "1234-5678", "data": b"\xff"},
+        )
+
     @patch("openc3.models.queue_model.Store")
     @patch("openc3.models.queue_model.QueueModel.get_model")
     def test_queue_command_with_existing_items(self, mock_get_model, mock_store):
diff --git a/openc3/python/test/script/test_commands.py b/openc3/python/test/script/test_commands.py
index 13fa6b45eb..cc3207e5f9 100644
--- a/openc3/python/test/script/test_commands.py
+++ b/openc3/python/test/script/test_commands.py
@@ -149,6 +149,12 @@ def test_sends_a_cmd(self):
             )
         self.assertEqual(gArgs, ("INST ABORT",))
 
+    def test_sends_extra_metadata(self):
+        extra = {"flow_uuid": "1234-5678", "hv_id": 42}
+        for _stdout in capture_io():
+            cmd("INST ABORT", extra=extra)
+        self.assertEqual(gKwargs["extra"], extra)
+
     def test_sends_a_cmd_raw(self):
         global gArgs
         global gKwargs
diff --git a/openc3/python/test/topics/test_command_topic.py b/openc3/python/test/topics/test_command_topic.py
index 2f027d7700..6798bd74ac 100644
--- a/openc3/python/test/topics/test_command_topic.py
+++ b/openc3/python/test/topics/test_command_topic.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
 from openc3.topics.command_topic import CommandTopic
+from openc3.utilities.json import JsonDecoder
 from test.test_helper import mock_redis
 
 
@@ -71,6 +72,11 @@ def test_includes_extra_when_set(self):
         self.assertIn("extra", self.captured["msg_hash"])
         self.assertEqual(json.loads(self.captured["msg_hash"]["extra"]), extra)
 
+    def test_encodes_binary_extra(self):
+        extra = {"data": b"\xff"}
+        CommandTopic.write_packet(self._make_packet(extra=extra), scope="DEFAULT")
+        self.assertEqual(json.loads(self.captured["msg_hash"]["extra"], cls=JsonDecoder), extra)
+
     def test_omits_extra_when_none(self):
         CommandTopic.write_packet(self._make_packet(extra=None), scope="DEFAULT")
         self.assertNotIn("extra", self.captured["msg_hash"])
diff --git a/openc3/python/test/utilities/test_json.py b/openc3/python/test/utilities/test_json.py
index 313e76b0d0..8edc793110 100644
--- a/openc3/python/test/utilities/test_json.py
+++ b/openc3/python/test/utilities/test_json.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 # if purchased from OpenC3, Inc.
 
 import json
+import math
 import unittest
 from datetime import datetime
 from unittest.mock import *
@@ -31,3 +32,35 @@ def test_encodes_bytearray(self):
         self.assertEqual(string, '{"json_class": "String", "raw": [0, 1, 2, 3]}')
         new_ba = json.loads(string, cls=JsonDecoder)
         self.assertEqual(new_ba, ba)
+
+    def test_decodes_ruby_special_floats(self):
+        # Ruby's Float#as_json (openc3/io/json_rpc.rb) encodes non-finite floats as a
+        # json_class Hash since bare NaN/Infinity are not valid JSON. Anything written
+        # by Ruby and read by Python — a command's extra released from the Ruby queue
+        # microservice, for one — arrives in this form.
+        ruby_json = (
+            '{"nan": {"json_class": "Float", "raw": "NaN"}, '
+            '"inf": {"json_class": "Float", "raw": "Infinity"}, '
+            '"ninf": {"json_class": "Float", "raw": "-Infinity"}, '
+            '"normal": 1.5}'
+        )
+        decoded = json.loads(ruby_json, cls=JsonDecoder)
+        self.assertTrue(math.isnan(decoded["nan"]))
+        self.assertEqual(decoded["inf"], float("inf"))
+        self.assertEqual(decoded["ninf"], float("-inf"))
+        self.assertEqual(decoded["normal"], 1.5)
+
+    def test_decodes_python_special_floats(self):
+        # Python's json module writes bare NaN/Infinity literals and reads them back
+        # natively, so both forms have to decode to the same values
+        string = json.dumps({"nan": float("nan"), "inf": float("inf"), "ninf": float("-inf")}, cls=JsonEncoder)
+        decoded = json.loads(string, cls=JsonDecoder)
+        self.assertTrue(math.isnan(decoded["nan"]))
+        self.assertEqual(decoded["inf"], float("inf"))
+        self.assertEqual(decoded["ninf"], float("-inf"))
+
+    def test_leaves_unknown_json_class_hashes_alone(self):
+        decoded = json.loads('{"json_class": "Float", "raw": "bogus"}', cls=JsonDecoder)
+        self.assertEqual(decoded, {"json_class": "Float", "raw": "bogus"})
+        decoded = json.loads('{"json_class": "Object", "raw": [1, 2]}', cls=JsonDecoder)
+        self.assertEqual(decoded, {"json_class": "Object", "raw": [1, 2]})
diff --git a/openc3/spec/api/cmd_api_spec.rb b/openc3/spec/api/cmd_api_spec.rb
index caac8a7939..ad0ec06248 100644
--- a/openc3/spec/api/cmd_api_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3/spec/api/cmd_api_spec.rb
@@ -147,6 +147,18 @@ def test_cmd_unknown(method)
           expect(command['username']).to_not eql 'original_author'
         end
 
+        it "carries extra metadata" do
+          extra = { 'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678', 'hv_id' => 42 }
+          command = @api.send(method, "INST", "ABORT", extra: extra)
+          expect(command['extra']).to eql extra
+        end
+
+        it "rejects invalid extra metadata" do
+          expect { @api.send(method, "INST", "ABORT", extra: 'invalid') }.to raise_error(
+            "Invalid extra parameter: invalid. Must be a Hash."
+          )
+        end
+
         it "warns about required parameters" do
           expect { @api.send(method, "INST COLLECT with DURATION 5") }.to raise_error(/Required/)
         end
diff --git a/openc3/spec/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol_spec.rb b/openc3/spec/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol_spec.rb
index b6c043cf3c..0888bee33f 100644
--- a/openc3/spec/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3/spec/interfaces/protocols/preidentified_protocol_spec.rb
@@ -160,6 +160,26 @@ def write(data); $buffer = data; end
         expect($buffer[offset..-1]).to eql pkt.buffer
       end
 
+      it "writes a byte accurate length for non-ASCII extra" do
+        @interface.instance_variable_set(:@stream, PreStream.new)
+        @interface.add_protocol(PreidentifiedProtocol, [nil, 5], :READ_WRITE)
+        pkt = System.telemetry.packet("SYSTEM", "META").clone
+        pkt.received_time = Time.new(2020, 1, 31, 12, 15, 30.5)
+        pkt.stored = false
+        # Multi-byte UTF-8 makes String#length differ from String#bytesize. The
+        # length field counts bytes, so a character count would desync the receiver.
+        extra_data = { "note" => "café" }
+        pkt.extra = extra_data
+        @interface.write(pkt)
+
+        json_extra = extra_data.as_json().to_json(allow_nan: true)
+        expect(json_extra.bytesize).to_not eql json_extra.length
+        offset = 1 # flags
+        expect($buffer[offset..(offset + 3)].unpack('N')[0]).to eql json_extra.bytesize
+        offset += 4
+        expect($buffer[offset...(offset + json_extra.bytesize)]).to eql json_extra.b
+      end
+
       it "creates a packet header with stored and extra" do
         @interface.instance_variable_set(:@stream, PreStream.new)
         @interface.add_protocol(PreidentifiedProtocol, [nil, 5], :READ_WRITE)
diff --git a/openc3/spec/logs/packet_log_writer_spec.rb b/openc3/spec/logs/packet_log_writer_spec.rb
index b79ece2345..8ae451bd71 100644
--- a/openc3/spec/logs/packet_log_writer_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3/spec/logs/packet_log_writer_spec.rb
@@ -219,6 +219,41 @@ module OpenC3
         FileUtils.rm_f 'test_log.bin'
       end
 
+      it "round trips non-ASCII extra" do
+        # JSON.generate returns UTF-8. Appending that to the binary log entry raises
+        # Encoding::CompatibilityError once the entry holds a byte >= 0x80 (the packet
+        # time nearly always does), which silently dropped the packet from the log.
+        # The extra length field also has to count bytes rather than characters.
+        now = Time.now.to_nsec_from_epoch
+        extra = { 'note' => 'café', 'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678' }
+        encoded = JSON.generate(extra.as_json, allow_nan: true)
+        expect(encoded.bytesize).to_not eq encoded.length
+
+        plw = PacketLogWriter.new(@log_dir, 'test')
+        # JSON format so extra goes through JSON.generate. to_cbor already returns a
+        # binary string where length == bytesize.
+        plw.data_format = :JSON
+        plw.write(:RAW_PACKET, :CMD, 'TGT1', 'PKT1', now, false, "\x01\x02", nil, '0-0', extra: extra)
+        plw.write(:RAW_PACKET, :CMD, 'TGT2', 'PKT2', now, false, "\x03\x04", nil, '0-0')
+        threads = plw.shutdown
+        threads.each { |t| t.join }
+
+        expect(@files.keys.length).to eq 1
+        bin = Zlib::GzipReader.new(StringIO.new(@files.values.first)).read
+        File.open('test_log.bin', 'wb') { |file| file.write bin }
+        reader = PacketLogReader.new
+        reader.open('test_log.bin')
+        got = []
+        while (pkt = reader.read)
+          got << [pkt.target_name, pkt.buffer]
+        end
+        # The packet carrying extra must be present, and the one after it must still
+        # be readable, which only happens if the entry length counted bytes
+        expect(got).to eql [['TGT1', "\x01\x02"], ['TGT2', "\x03\x04"]]
+        reader.close()
+        FileUtils.rm_f 'test_log.bin'
+      end
+
       it "correctly writes multiple files in a row" do
         first_time = Time.now.to_nsec_from_epoch
         last_time = first_time += 1_000_000_000
diff --git a/openc3/spec/microservices/interface_microservice_spec.rb b/openc3/spec/microservices/interface_microservice_spec.rb
index 8715cd82be..533c36a7b7 100644
--- a/openc3/spec/microservices/interface_microservice_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3/spec/microservices/interface_microservice_spec.rb
@@ -281,14 +281,59 @@ class ApiTest
 
         # queue_username is the original author (shown as "Queued By"), passed
         # by the queue microservice when a command is released from a queue
-        @api.cmd("INST", "ABORT", queue_username: "DEFAULT__MULTI__INST")
+        @api.cmd("INST", "ABORT", queue_username: "DEFAULT__MULTI__INST",
+          extra: {
+            'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678', 'username' => 'untrusted',
+            'queue_username' => 'untrusted', 'approver' => 'untrusted',
+            'cmd_success' => false, 'cmd_reason' => 'untrusted'
+          })
         sleep 0.01
         im.shutdown
 
         expect(captured).to_not be_nil
         expect(captured.target_name).to eql("INST")
         expect(captured.packet_name).to eql("ABORT")
+        expect(captured.extra['flow_uuid']).to eql('1234-5678')
+        expect(captured.extra['username']).to_not eql('untrusted')
         expect(captured.extra['queue_username']).to eql("DEFAULT__MULTI__INST")
+        expect(captured.extra).not_to have_key('approver')
+        expect(captured.extra).not_to have_key('cmd_success')
+        expect(captured.extra).not_to have_key('cmd_reason')
+      end
+
+      it "does not let caller metadata override accessor populated extra" do
+        im = InterfaceMicroservice.new("DEFAULT__INTERFACE__INST_INT")
+
+        # Accessors write into packet.extra while build_cmd sets the command
+        # parameters. HttpAccessor puts HTTP_PATH / HTTP_METHOD / HTTP_HEADERS /
+        # HTTP_QUERIES there and HttpClientInterface builds the outgoing request
+        # from them, so caller metadata must never win over these.
+        allow(System.commands).to receive(:build_cmd).and_wrap_original do |original, *args|
+          command = original.call(*args)
+          command.extra = { 'HTTP_PATH' => '/defined', 'HTTP_METHOD' => 'get' }
+          command
+        end
+
+        captured = nil
+        allow(CommandDecomTopic).to receive(:write_packet) do |command, _scope|
+          captured = command
+        end
+        Thread.new { im.run }
+        sleep 0.01
+
+        @api.cmd("INST", "ABORT", extra: {
+          'HTTP_PATH' => '/attacker', 'HTTP_METHOD' => 'delete',
+          'HTTP_HEADERS' => { 'authorization' => 'stolen' }, 'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678'
+        })
+        sleep 0.01
+        im.shutdown
+
+        expect(captured).to_not be_nil
+        expect(captured.extra['HTTP_PATH']).to eql('/defined')
+        expect(captured.extra['HTTP_METHOD']).to eql('get')
+        # Keys the accessor didn't set still come through so the feature works
+        expect(captured.extra['HTTP_HEADERS']).to eql({ 'authorization' => 'stolen' })
+        expect(captured.extra['flow_uuid']).to eql('1234-5678')
       end
 
       it "handles obfuscated params" do
diff --git a/openc3/spec/microservices/queue_microservice_spec.rb b/openc3/spec/microservices/queue_microservice_spec.rb
index 75fb777558..401cf821b2 100644
--- a/openc3/spec/microservices/queue_microservice_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3/spec/microservices/queue_microservice_spec.rb
@@ -86,7 +86,10 @@ module OpenC3
     describe '#process_queued_commands' do
       let(:command1) { { 'username' => 'test_user', 'value' => 'cmd("TARGET", "COMMAND", {"PARAM": 1})' } }
       let(:command2) { { 'username' => 'test_user', 'value' => 'cmd("TARGET", "COMMAND2", {"PARAM": 2})' } }
-      let(:command3_new_format) { { 'username' => 'test_user', 'target_name' => 'TARGET', 'cmd_name' => 'COMMAND3', 'cmd_params' => JSON.generate({ 'PARAM' => 3 }) } }
+      let(:command3_new_format) do
+        { 'username' => 'test_user', 'target_name' => 'TARGET', 'cmd_name' => 'COMMAND3',
+          'cmd_params' => JSON.generate({ 'PARAM' => 3 }), 'extra' => JSON.generate({ 'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678' }) }
+      end
       let(:command4_new_format) { { 'username' => 'test_user', 'target_name' => 'TARGET', 'cmd_name' => 'COMMAND4' } }
 
       before do
@@ -114,9 +117,9 @@ module OpenC3
 
         expect(Store).to have_received(:bzpopmin).exactly(3).times
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with(command1['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with(command1['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user', extra: nil)
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with(command2['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with(command2['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user', extra: nil)
       end
 
       it 'processes commands with new format (target_name, cmd_name, cmd_params)' do
@@ -136,7 +139,8 @@ module OpenC3
 
         expect(Store).to have_received(:bzpopmin).exactly(2).times
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND3', { 'PARAM' => 3 }, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND3', { 'PARAM' => 3 }, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true,
+            queue_username: 'test_user', extra: { 'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678' })
       end
 
       it 'processes commands with new format without cmd_params' do
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@ module OpenC3
 
         expect(Store).to have_received(:bzpopmin).exactly(2).times
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND4', {}, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND4', {}, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user', extra: nil)
       end
 
       it 'processes mixed legacy and new format commands' do
@@ -178,9 +182,10 @@ module OpenC3
 
         expect(Store).to have_received(:bzpopmin).exactly(3).times
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with(command1['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with(command1['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user', extra: nil)
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND3', { 'PARAM' => 3 }, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND3', { 'PARAM' => 3 }, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: nil, validate: true,
+            queue_username: 'test_user', extra: { 'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678' })
       end
 
       it 'processes legacy command with validate false and timeout 0' do
@@ -200,7 +205,7 @@ module OpenC3
         processor.process_queued_commands
 
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with(command_no_validate['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: 0, validate: false, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with(command_no_validate['value'], queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: 0, validate: false, queue_username: 'test_user', extra: nil)
       end
 
       it 'processes new format command with validate false and timeout 0' do
@@ -220,7 +225,7 @@ module OpenC3
         processor.process_queued_commands
 
         expect(processor).to have_received(:cmd)
-          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND3', { 'PARAM' => 3 }, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: 0, validate: false, queue_username: 'test_user')
+          .with('TARGET', 'COMMAND3', { 'PARAM' => 3 }, queue: false, scope: scope, timeout: 0, validate: false, queue_username: 'test_user', extra: nil)
       end
 
       it 'logs error for invalid command format (missing required fields)' do
@@ -441,4 +446,4 @@ module OpenC3
       end
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/openc3/spec/models/queue_model_spec.rb b/openc3/spec/models/queue_model_spec.rb
index bfc1058ada..1be794c1e8 100644
--- a/openc3/spec/models/queue_model_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3/spec/models/queue_model_spec.rb
@@ -152,7 +152,9 @@ module OpenC3
         model.create
         allow(QueueTopic).to receive(:write_notification)
 
-        QueueModel.queue_command("TEST", target_name: "INST", cmd_name: "COLLECT", cmd_params: { "TYPE" => "NORMAL" }, username: 'test_user', scope: "DEFAULT")
+        extra = { "flow_uuid" => "1234-5678", "data" => "\xFF".b }
+        QueueModel.queue_command("TEST", target_name: "INST", cmd_name: "COLLECT", cmd_params: { "TYPE" => "NORMAL" },
+          extra: extra, username: 'test_user', scope: "DEFAULT")
 
         commands = Store.zrange("DEFAULT:TEST", 0, -1).map { |cmd| JSON.parse(cmd) }
         expect(commands).to contain_exactly({
@@ -160,6 +162,7 @@ module OpenC3
           "target_name" => "INST",
           "cmd_name" => "COLLECT",
           "cmd_params" => "{\"TYPE\":\"NORMAL\"}",
+          "extra" => JSON.generate(extra.as_json, allow_nan: true),
           "validate" => true,
           "timestamp" => anything
         })
@@ -418,6 +421,17 @@ module OpenC3
         decoded = result["DATA"]["raw"].pack('C*')
         expect(decoded).to eq(binary_data)
       end
+
+      it "stores extra when inserting" do
+        allow(QueueTopic).to receive(:write_notification)
+        model = QueueModel.new(name: "TEST", scope: "DEFAULT")
+
+        extra = { "flow_uuid" => "1234-5678", "data" => "\xFF".b }
+        model.insert_command(id: 1, username: "test_user", command: "TGT CMD", extra: extra)
+
+        commands = Store.zrange("DEFAULT:TEST", 0, -1).map { |cmd| JSON.parse(cmd) }
+        expect(JSON.parse(commands[0]["extra"], allow_nan: true, create_additions: true)).to eql(extra)
+      end
     end
 
     describe "update_command" do
@@ -486,6 +500,32 @@ module OpenC3
           model.update_command(id: 1.0, command: "TGT CMD2", username: "user2")
         }.to raise_error(QueueError, "Queue 'TEST' is disabled. Command at id 1.0 not updated.")
       end
+
+      it "carries forward existing extra when the update does not supply it" do
+        allow(QueueTopic).to receive(:write_notification)
+        model = QueueModel.new(name: "TEST", scope: "DEFAULT")
+
+        extra = { "flow_uuid" => "1234-5678", "data" => "\xFF".b }
+        model.insert_command(id: 1.0, username: "user1", command: "TGT CMD1", extra: extra)
+        # The queue edit APIs have no way to express extra, so an update that omits
+        # it must not silently drop the metadata attached by cmd(extra: ...)
+        model.update_command(id: 1.0, command: "TGT CMD2", username: "user2")
+
+        commands = Store.zrange("DEFAULT:TEST", 0, -1).map { |cmd| JSON.parse(cmd) }
+        expect(commands[0]["value"]).to eq("TGT CMD2")
+        expect(JSON.parse(commands[0]["extra"], allow_nan: true, create_additions: true)).to eql(extra)
+      end
+
+      it "replaces existing extra when the update supplies it" do
+        allow(QueueTopic).to receive(:write_notification)
+        model = QueueModel.new(name: "TEST", scope: "DEFAULT")
+
+        model.insert_command(id: 1.0, username: "user1", command: "TGT CMD1", extra: { "flow_uuid" => "old" })
+        model.update_command(id: 1.0, command: "TGT CMD1", username: "user2", extra: { "flow_uuid" => "new" })
+
+        commands = Store.zrange("DEFAULT:TEST", 0, -1).map { |cmd| JSON.parse(cmd) }
+        expect(JSON.parse(commands[0]["extra"])).to eql({ "flow_uuid" => "new" })
+      end
     end
 
     describe "list" do
@@ -888,4 +928,4 @@ module OpenC3
       end
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/openc3/spec/script/commands_spec.rb b/openc3/spec/script/commands_spec.rb
index ec64c46bf6..f7b590a063 100644
--- a/openc3/spec/script/commands_spec.rb
+++ b/openc3/spec/script/commands_spec.rb
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ class CommandsSpecApi
       include Extract
       include Api
       include Authorization
+      attr_reader :last_kw_params
       def shutdown
       end
 
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ def generate_url
       end
 
       def method_missing(name, *params, **kw_params)
+        @last_kw_params = kw_params
         self.send(name, *params, **kw_params)
       end
     end
@@ -139,6 +141,14 @@ def setup_cmd_handler_thread
             end
           end
 
+          if connect == 'connected'
+            it "sends extra metadata" do
+              extra = { 'flow_uuid' => '1234-5678', 'hv_id' => 42 }
+              capture_io { cmd("INST ABORT", extra: extra) }
+              expect(@api.last_kw_params[:extra]).to eql(extra)
+            end
+          end
+
           it "raises without any parameters" do
             expect { cmd() }.to raise_error(/Invalid number of arguments/)
           end