diff --git a/src/hflow/episode.py b/src/hflow/episode.py
index dd956228..93b9fad9 100644
--- a/src/hflow/episode.py
+++ b/src/hflow/episode.py
@@ -136,7 +136,9 @@ def _is_numeric_sequence(value: Any) -> bool:
     if isinstance(value, np.ndarray):
         return value.size > 0 and value.dtype.kind in "iuf"
     if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
-        return len(value) > 0 and _is_numeric_scalar(value[0])
+        for item in value:
+            if item is not None:
+                return _is_numeric_scalar(item)
     return False
 
 
@@ -154,7 +156,9 @@ def _is_arrow_scalar(value: Any) -> bool:
 def _is_empty_sequence(value: Any) -> bool:
     if isinstance(value, np.ndarray):
         return value.size == 0
-    return isinstance(value, (list, tuple)) and len(value) == 0
+    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+        return len(value) == 0 or all(item is None for item in value)
+    return False
 
 
 def _arrow_field_values(messages: Sequence[Any]) -> dict[str, list[Any]]:
@@ -213,7 +217,7 @@ def _arrow_column_values(topic: str, field_name: str, values: Sequence[Any]) ->
             # An empty numeric array keeps its dtype, so it types the column.
             saw_list = True
         elif _is_empty_sequence(value):
-            # `[]` carries no element type; an empty numeric ndarray above
+            # `[]` or an all-null sequence carries no element type; an empty numeric ndarray above
             # does. Keep the slot null unless a typed sample arrives.
             continue
         else:
diff --git a/tests/test_episode.py b/tests/test_episode.py
index 027d502c..e9c05eeb 100644
--- a/tests/test_episode.py
+++ b/tests/test_episode.py
@@ -266,3 +266,46 @@ def test_empty_channel_to_arrow(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
             assert table.num_rows == 0
             assert table.column_names == ["log_time_ns"]
             assert table.schema.field("log_time_ns").type == pyarrow.int64()
+
+
+def test_channel_to_arrow_numeric_list_with_null_elements() -> None:
+    import json
+
+    import numpy as np
+
+    from hflow.episode import ChannelData
+    from hflow.reader import TopicInfo
+
+    info = TopicInfo(
+        topic="/arm/joint_state",
+        channel_id=1,
+        schema_name="JointState",
+        schema_encoding="jsonschema",
+        message_encoding="json",
+        message_count=4,
+        schema_data=b"{}",
+    )
+    cd = ChannelData(
+        topic="/arm/joint_state",
+        channel_id=1,
+        info=info,
+        log_times=np.array([1000, 2000, 3000, 4000], dtype=np.int64),
+        publish_times=np.array([1000, 2000, 3000, 4000], dtype=np.int64),
+        raw=[
+            b'{"position": [1.0, 2.0, null], "untyped": [null, null]}',
+            b'{"position": [null, 2.0, 3.0], "untyped": [null, null]}',
+            b'{"position": [null, null, null], "untyped": [null, null]}',
+            b'{"position": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0], "untyped": [null, null]}',
+        ],
+        decoder=lambda b: json.loads(b.decode()),
+    )
+    table = cd.to_arrow()
+    assert "position" in table.column_names
+    # Untyped all-null list column carries no element type and is omitted like an empty list
+    assert "untyped" not in table.column_names
+    assert table["position"].to_pylist() == [
+        [1.0, 2.0, None],
+        [None, 2.0, 3.0],
+        [None, None, None],
+        [1.0, 2.0, 3.0],
+    ]